144 lines
7.6 KiB
TeX
144 lines
7.6 KiB
TeX
\documentclass[10pt, draftclsnofoot,onecolumn, compsoc]{IEEEtran}
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\def\changemargin#1#2{\list{}{\rightmargin#2\leftmargin#1}\item[]}
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\let\endchangemargin=\endlist
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\usepackage{textcomp}
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\usepackage{todonotes}
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\usepackage{caption}
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\usepackage{pgfgantt}
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\usepackage{setspace}
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\linespread{1}
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\def \CapstoneTeamName{Automated Fenceless Grazing}
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\def \CapstoneTeamNumber{CS3}
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\def \GroupMemberOne{Ryan Alder}
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\def \GroupMemberTwo{Danila Fedorin}
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\def \GroupMemberThree{Matthew Sessions}
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\def \CapstoneProjectName{Automated Fenceless Grazing}
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\def \CapstoneSponsorCompany{Oregon State University}
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\def \CapstoneSponsorPerson{Bechir Hamdaoui}
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\def \DocType{Project Archive Master Document}
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\newcommand{\NameSigPair}[1]{\par
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\makebox[2.75in][r]{#1} \hfil \makebox[3.25in]{\makebox[2.25in]{\hrulefill} \hfill \makebox[.75in]{\hrulefill}}
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\par\vspace{-12pt} \textit{\tiny\noindent
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\makebox[2.75in]{} \hfil \makebox[3.25in]{\makebox[2.25in][r]{Signature} \hfill \makebox[.75in][r]{Date}}}}
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\begin{document}
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\begin{titlepage}
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\pagenumbering{gobble}
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\begin{singlespace}
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% 4. If you have a logo, use this includegraphics command to put it on the coversheet.
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%\includegraphics[height=4cm]{CompanyLogo}
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\par\vspace{.2in}
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\centering
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\scshape{
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\huge CS Capstone \DocType \par
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{\large\today}\par
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\vspace{.5in}
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\textbf{\Huge\CapstoneProjectName}\par
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\vfill
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{\large Prepared for}\par
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\Huge \CapstoneSponsorCompany\par
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\vspace{5pt}
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{\Large\NameSigPair{\CapstoneSponsorPerson}\par}
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{\large Prepared by }\par
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Group\CapstoneTeamNumber\par
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% 5. comment out the line below this one if you do not wish to name your team
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\CapstoneTeamName\par
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\vspace{5pt}
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{\Large
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\NameSigPair{\GroupMemberOne}\par
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\NameSigPair{\GroupMemberTwo}\par
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\NameSigPair{\GroupMemberThree}\par
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}
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\vspace{20pt}
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}
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% \begin{abstract}
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% The Fenceless Grazing Collar system aims to reduce the amount of work
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% needed by farmers to keep herds of grazing animals. The project
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% will be implemented using the LoRa wireless communication protocol to allow
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% for long-range interaction between animal-worn collars and a gateway device.
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% The gateway device will also provide an HTTP-based JSON API to apply configuration
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% changes to collars through an application built for Android mobile devices.
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% The MariaDB SQL database management system will be used to store the data
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% received from the collar for viewing and analysis.
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% \end{abstract}
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\end{singlespace}
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\end{titlepage}
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\pagebreak
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\section*{Foreword}
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% TODO
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\pagebreak
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\section{Project Introduction}
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The Fenceless Grazing System was designed and implemented as requested by OSU professor Bechir Hamdaoui.
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Prof. Hamdaoui believes that there is an emerging market for smart collar systems, and wanted to explore
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the implementation of such a system using the LoRa \textbf{Lo}ng \textbf{Ra}nge communication protocol.
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The project is meant as a proof of concept of an automated animal tracking and monitoring system.
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The team consisted of three members:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item \textbf{Ryan Alder} served as the liaison with Prof. Hamdaoui, and as a LoRa expert. Being the
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most familliar of the three team members with the LoRa protocol, he oversaw and aided the
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implementation of the collar and gateway, each of which used the protocol to communicate with
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the other. Ryan also tested the system in practice, measuring the effective range of the
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components and verifying that data can be transmitted back and forth.
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\item \textbf{Danila Fedorin} worked on the "high level" components of the system, namely
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the Android application and the API server, as well on the overall system architecture.
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He additionally designed the database schema and part of the data encoding protocol
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used by the system.
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\item \textbf{Matthew Sessions} worked on the "low level" components of the system, namely
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the collar and gateway. Having strong background in embedded development, Matthew
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was the source of truth in the implementation of hardware components, as well
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as their troubleshooting.
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\end{itemize}
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Prof. Hamdaoui was largely not involved in the overall design of the system. Though he requested
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the use of the LoRa protocol, and suggested an overall architecture for the project, the same
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overall architecture was independently developed by the team. In meetings, scheduled approximately
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once a month, Prof. Hamdaoui provided guidance on which component of the system to prioritize next,
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but gave the team the freedom to decide how to implement said component.
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The COVID-19 pandemic led the development to slow down slightly, since team meetings and interaction
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became more difficult. While previously, hardware components were distributed among some team members
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(Ryan and Matthew), this became impractical due to the requirement of social distancing. However, this
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did meaningfully affect the project deliverables, as the team was able to set up a system for remotely
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modifying the physical components' firmware.
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\subsection*{Next Steps}
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To pick the project up, we recommend that different hardware be used for the collar devices. We have run
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into some serious limitations while using the LoRa-enabled ATMega controllers; the combination of LoRa,
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GPS, and Protobuf firmware was too large to fit in device memory. This led us to develop our own, stripped
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down versions of a lot of the software. Yet even with this, the firmware on the collar ends up running
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in a very constrained environment, and small changes that increase stack usage even by a small amount
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can lead to crashes.
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At present, the collar is capable of sending its position, retrieving valid grazing areas, and verifying
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that it is in a valid position. The next step on the collar side, then (after the hardware changes suggested
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above) would be to add to the collar a physical indication of whether or not it is in a valid grazing
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boundary (see the Design Document below for an idea of what that is). This physical indication can be
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an LED light, but the final goal would be to have that indication be a buzzer or an eletric shock.
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The gateway software is capable of receiving and configuring a single collar device (See Appendix 1
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for an explanation of why only a single device is currently supported). The next step for the
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gateway software, then, is to add support for multiple collar devices. Additionally, the gateway
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software currently uses the Things Network to decode and process LoRaWAN packets. This is less
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than ideal since it requires a connection to the Internet (rather than allowing the system
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to work on a LAN), and because it uses a third-party service to process animal data. To avoid
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this, the best course of action would be to use a local LoRaWAN implementation on the gateway.
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At the time of writing such software is not easily available, and was deemed too difficult to
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create. Finally, we recommend that a mechanism be added to the gateway software to verify
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that a collar has received an updated grazing boundary.
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The Android application is, in our view, the lowest priority at present. It is capable
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of authenticating and working with the API server, viewing animal locations,
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and of modifying collar grazing boundaries. Next steps could include the display of additional
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statistics (this would also require changes to the API server).
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\end{document}
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