Adjusted gantt chart to represent what happened

requirements.latex

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
 \documentclass[10pt, draftclsnofoot,onecolumn]{IEEEtran}
+
+\def\changemargin#1#2{\list{}{\rightmargin#2\leftmargin#1}\item[]}
+\let\endchangemargin=\endlist
+
 \usepackage{todonotes}
 \usepackage{caption}
 \usepackage{pgfgantt}
@@ -6,10 +10,25 @@
 \begin{document}
 
 \title{Fenceless Grazing Requirements}
-\author{Danila Fedorin \and Matthew Sessions \and Ryan Alder}
+\author{Danila Fedorin, \and Matthew Sessions, \and Ryan Alder}
-
 \maketitle
 
+\begin{abstract}
+    The Fenceless Grazing Collar System is an application of the LoRa and
+    LoRaWAN internet of things technologies to animal farming. It will be
+    implemented as a collar with which each individual farm animal will be
+    equipped. The fenceless grazing system must be capable of precisely
+    tracking high numbers of farm animals, controlling
+    these animals using sound and electric shocks, and allowing end users
+    (typically farmers) to monitor the animals and adjust their desired
+    location. 
+\end{abstract}
+
+\pagebreak
+\tableofcontents
+
+\pagebreak
+
 % From: ISO/IEC/IEEE 29148:2011, page 44
 % 1. Introduction
 %     1.1 System purpose
@@ -41,14 +60,16 @@
 The purpose of the Fenceless Grazing Collar (FGC) system is to reduce the
 need for human supervision in farming through the tracking and automated
 management of individual farm animals, controlled by humans through
-a remote digital system.
+a remote digital system. The FGC will decrease the time required to move
-\todo{This probably needs to be expanded on}
+animals to new grazing areas by allowing farmers to manage these animals from
+the comfort of their home. Interaction with the fenceless system will
+be done via a smartphone application, and will allow complete control and
+surveillance of all animals.
 
 \subsection{System scope}
 A table containing systems which the FGC project is seeking to replace
 or influence, as well as a description of the intended interaction
 between the FGC project and the system, are shown in Figure \ref{fig:system_scope}.
-\todo{More rows + header}
 \begin{figure}[h]
     \centering
     \captionsetup{justification=centering}
@@ -68,7 +89,7 @@ between the FGC project and the system, are shown in Figure \ref{fig:system_scop
 
 \subsection{System overview}
 \subsubsection{System context}
-At present, despite the continued industrialization in numerious other indestries, animal
+At present, despite the continued industrialization in numerous other industries, animal
 farming replies on human labor to manage and herd farm animals. This requires significant
 time and effort, which could be more effectively spent elsewhere. The GFC system intends
 to automate the various human involvement in animal farming.
@@ -79,7 +100,7 @@ the use of GPS tracking and LoRa long-range communication tehcnology, a collar
 is to provide information regarding the present location of the farm
 animal equipped with said collar. Furthermore, the collar is to be
 able to discourage undesired behavior such as leaving a designated area
-from the animal through the use of loud and unpleasant sounds and electrical chock. 
+from the animal through the use of loud and unpleasant sounds and electrical shock. 
 
 The collar is also to collect data regarding the behavior of various animals,
 for use in making decision regarding the livestock or otherwise.
@@ -90,10 +111,32 @@ locations for the animals through this software, observe the current locations
 of the animals, and read the data collected by the collars.
 
 \subsubsection{User characteristics}
-?? \todo{Finish this}
+The desired user base for the FGC application are farmers who own livestock that
+require constant grazing. These farmers would tend to have large fields in which 
+their livestock feed. Additionally, they may not be familliar with the advanced
+usage of electronics (including smartphones or hardware).
+
 \subsection{Definitions}
-?? \todo{Finish this}
+\subsubsection{LoRa}
-\section{References}
+LoRa (stands for Long Range) is a communication protocol developed by Semtech 
+found on the link layer of the protocol stack. LoRa is a spread spectrum modulation 
+technique derived from chirp spread specetrum (CSS) technology, and excels 
+at long range communication, while keeping battery usage down. LoRa was designed
+exclusively for Internet of Things (IOT) applications, and is able to operate
+with a large number of different LoRa end-nodes.
+\subsubsection{LoRaWAN}
+LoRaWAN is the communication protocol found on the MAC network layer on the network
+stack. LoRaWAN, an open source protocol, interacts with LoRa to transfer data up 
+to the application layer. LoRaWAN leverages the unlicensed radio spectrum in the 
+Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band. The LoRaWAN protocol is managed 
+by the LoRa Alliance instead of Semtech, and serves to connect all of the end-nodes
+with the gateways and the wider internet.
+\subsubsection{LoRa Gateway}
+A LoRa Gateway is simply the machine that runs LoRaWAN to interact with each end-node,
+and usually directs traffic to another server or the wider internet.
+\subsubsection{LoRa End-node}
+The LoRa end-node refers to each node running the LoRa and LoRaWAN protocol. In this
+project, each collar will be an end-node.
 \section{System requirements}
 \subsection{Functional requirements}
 \subsubsection{GPS}
@@ -123,8 +166,6 @@ and shock must not only be sufficient to infuence the animals,
 but also safe: they should not cause harm or excessive discomfort
 to the animal.
 
-\todo{investigate legal guidelines?}
-
 \subsubsection{Control Application}
 The project must contain a functional mobile application for
 the Android platform, capable of interfacing with the collars
@@ -133,7 +174,16 @@ to adjust the boundaries of the prescribed region and visualize
 the locations of individual animals on a map.
 
 \subsubsection{Data Collection}
-@ryan you know more about this than I care to research. \todo{finish this}
+All of the collars must remain in constant communication with the LoRa 
+gateway, and subsequently the server. There must be an SQL database holding
+the most up to date information about each animal, including location,
+name, type, id (primary key), and any other applicable information 
+necessary for operation of the Android application. Data will be collected
+from each collar at an interval to minimize collision but maximize
+data throughput, and will be based on the number of LoRa end-nodes 
+(collars) and the number of LoRa gateways. In this application, there is 
+little need to communicate at a rapid rate, and the collars will interact
+with the gateway most likely at a rate of once every few minutes.
 
 \subsubsection{Effective Area}
 Because many farms have significant numbers of livestock, and consequently
@@ -155,47 +205,134 @@ if necessary, the Android application \emph{should} assume domain specific knowl
 in the area of agriculture, since its intended audience is from this field.
 
 \subsubsection{Servicability of Collars}
+Because the collars are intended to be battery-based, they will need to be serviced,
+with the minimum goal of replacing or recharging the on-board batteries. This
+must be possible to people with no prior technical experience, as the presence
+of such experience is not guaranteed among the expected client base. Other common
+servicing goals, such as cleaning the device, should also be easy to accomplish
+without an understanding of the architecture or implementation of the FGC system.
 
 \subsection{Performance requirements}
+\subsubsection{Battery Efficiency}
+Since the FGC device is battery powered and will require maintenance upon
+reaching low battery levels, it's important that the device is able to
+maintain an operational level of charge for long periods of time. That
+is, the number and duration of servicing actions should be low, in alignment
+with the original goal of reducing human labor. At minimum, the device
+should remain operational for 7 days (1 week).
+
+\subsubsection{Support for Multiple Collars}
+As mentioned above, the goal for hte FGC system is to support large herds of animals,
+which normally require significant portions of time to be dedicated by humans.
+In order to properly support large herds, it must be possible for the system
+to support as many as 100 concurrently active collars without issue. This
+requirement applies to the collars themselves and the Android application:
+\begin{itemize}
+    \item The collars themselves should not experience difficulties when concentrated
+        in large groups (farm animals instinctively tend towards proximity).
+    \item The Android application, given hardware that is not greatly outdated,
+        should be able to display and manage this number of collars without
+        additional delays.
+\end{itemize}
+
 \subsection{System interface}
-\subsection{System operations}
+\subsubsection{LoRa}
+The main communication protocol that will be used for this project 
+is LoRa and LoRaWAN. Each collar will be fitted with a proprietary
+LoRa chip, and LoRa gateway(s) will be configured based on the desired
+number of operational collars. LoRaWAN will be configured and implemented
+for communication with the end nodes and the server.
+
+%\subsection{System operations}
+%\todo{this?}
 \subsection{System modes and states}
+Besides the "standard" operational mode for the collar, it
+is useful to envision other modes that help in troubleshooting
+and setting up the FGC system. We define the following modes:
+
+\subsubsection{Standard}
+In this mode, the device uses the defined
+"out of bounds" area to determine whether or not to emit a negative
+stimulus. The produced negative stimuli are as defined in the
+sounds and electrical shock section of the functional requirements.
+
+\subsubsection{Electric Shock Test}
+In this mode, the device operates identically to the standard mode
+described above, with the exception of not generating electrical
+shocks. Instead, the device should emit a different sound (or
+a visual signal) to indicate when the shock would have been delivered.
+This allows for safe testing of the device's behavior around area boundaries.
+
 \subsection{Physical characteristics}
+\subsubsection{Weight}
+It's necessary for the device to be physically bearable by livestock for indefinite
+periods of time. If the resulting collar is a constant and noticable weight on the
+farm animal, it would serve as an unnecessary and permanent source of stress. Besides
+the ethical considerations of subjecting an animal to a constant level of stress through
+unnecessary physical labor (i.e. carrying a collar that is too heavy), this goes against
+the purpose of the project, since it will likely reduce the quality of the resulting animal
+management below the level that can be provided by humans.
+
+\subsubsection{Form Factor}
+In order to be able to effectively use the collar, it must fit comfortably on target farm
+animals. In the initial prototype, these animals will be cows, and thus, a requirement
+for the project is that the collar can be put onto, and stay on a farm cow.
+
 \subsection{Environmental conditions}
-\subsection{System security}
+\subsubsection{Water Resistance}
-\subsection{Information management}
+The product will be tested in collaboration with Oregon State University's College of Animal
-\subsection{Policies and regulations}
+Science, and therefore, will be tested in Oregon's climate. Since rain is very common
-\subsection{System life cycle sustainment}
+during the winter months in Western Oregon, the device must be readily able to withstand
-\subsection{Packaging, handling, shipping and transportation}
+such conditions, without sustaining any damage.
-\section{Verification}
+
+\subsubsection{Temperature}
+As this project will be designed and tested in Oregon, the vast differences in temperature
+throughout the year must be considered. The collars must be able to constantly operate in
+temperatures below freezing during the winter, and temperatures in excess of 100 degrees
+fahrenheit during the summer.
+
+%\subsection{System security}
+%\todo{Do we need this?}
+%\subsection{Information management}
+%\todo{Do we need this?}
+%\subsection{Policies and regulations}
+%\todo{Do we need this?}
+%\subsection{System life cycle sustainment}
+%\todo{Do we need this?}
+%\subsection{Packaging, handling, shipping and transportation}
+%\todo{Do we need this?}
+%\section{Verification}
+%\todo{Someone else please}
+
 \section{Gantt Chart}
+\begin{changemargin}{-2cm}{0cm}
 \begin{ganttchart}[
-	x unit=.55mm,
+	x unit=.65mm,
 	time slot format=isodate
 ]{2019-10-01}{2020-06-30}
 \gantttitlecalendar{year, month=name} \\
-
+\ganttgroup{Collar}{2019-10-01}{2020-05-15} \\
-\ganttgroup{Collar}{2019-10-01}{2020-03-01} \\
 \ganttbar{Design}{2019-10-20}{2020-01-01} \\
-\ganttmilestone{Purchase Parts}{2020-01-03} \\
+\ganttmilestone{Purchase Hardware}{2020-01-03} \\
 \ganttbar{Assemble}{2020-01-05}{2020-02-01} \\
-\ganttbar{Test}{2020-02-01}{2020-03-01} \\
+\ganttmilestone{Purchase Hardware}{2020-02-01} \\
-\ganttgroup{Server}{2019-10-01}{2020-05-01} \\
+\ganttbar{Assemble}{2020-02-01}{2020-02-15} \\
+\ganttbar{Develop/Test}{2020-02-15}{2020-05-15} \\
+\ganttgroup{Server}{2019-10-01}{2020-05-15} \\
 \ganttbar{Design}{2019-10-20}{2020-01-01} \\
-\ganttbar{Implement}{2020-01-01}{2020-04-01} \\
+\ganttbar{Develop/Test}{2020-01-01}{2020-05-15} \\
-\ganttbar{Test}{2020-04-01}{2020-05-01} \\
+\ganttgroup{Application}{2019-10-01}{2020-05-15} \\
-\ganttgroup{Application}{2019-10-01}{2020-05-01} \\
 \ganttbar{Design}{2019-10-20}{2020-01-01} \\
-\ganttbar{Implement}{2020-01-01}{2020-04-01} \\
+\ganttbar{Develop/Test}{2020-01-01}{2020-05-15} \\
-\ganttbar{Test}{2020-04-01}{2020-05-01} \\
+\ganttgroup{Project}{2019-10-01}{2020-06-15} \\
-\ganttgroup{Project}{2019-10-01}{2020-06-30} \\
+\ganttbar{Finalize Project}{2020-05-15}{2020-06-15}
-\ganttbar{Finalize}{2020-05-01}{2020-06-15}
 \ganttlink{elem1}{elem2}
 \ganttlink{elem2}{elem3}
 \ganttlink{elem3}{elem4}
-\ganttlink{elem6}{elem7}
+\ganttlink{elem4}{elem5}
-\ganttlink{elem7}{elem8}
+\ganttlink{elem5}{elem6}
-\ganttlink{elem10}{elem11}
+\ganttlink{elem8}{elem9}
 \ganttlink{elem11}{elem12}
 \end{ganttchart}
+\end{changemargin}
 \end{document}