Merge branch 'master' into fxml-fix

Add variables into the parser.

build.gradle

@@ -1,15 +1,29 @@
-apply plugin: 'java'
-apply plugin: 'application'
+buildscript {
+    ext.kotlin_version = '1.1.3'
+    ext.dokka_version = '0.9.15'
 
-repositories {
-  mavenCentral()
+    repositories {
+        jcenter()
+    }
+
+    dependencies {
+        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
+        classpath "org.jetbrains.dokka:dokka-gradle-plugin:$dokka_version"
+    }
 }
 
-dependencies {
-    compile 'com.moandjiezana.toml:toml4j:0.7.1'
-    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
+subprojects {
+
+    apply plugin: 'java'
+    apply plugin: 'kotlin'
+    apply plugin: 'org.jetbrains.dokka'
+
+    repositories {
+        mavenCentral()
+    }
+
+    dependencies {
+        compile "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jre7:1.1.3"
+    }
 }
 
-// Define the main class for the application
-mainClassName = 'org.nwapw.abacus.Abacus'
-

core/build.gradle

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+dependencies {
+    compile 'com.moandjiezana.toml:toml4j:0.7.1'
+    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
+}

core/src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/Abacus.java

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package org.nwapw.abacus;
 
 import org.nwapw.abacus.config.Configuration;
-import org.nwapw.abacus.fx.AbacusApplication;
 import org.nwapw.abacus.number.NumberInterface;
 import org.nwapw.abacus.parsing.LexerTokenizer;
 import org.nwapw.abacus.parsing.ShuntingYardParser;
@@ -54,17 +53,13 @@ public class Abacus {
         numberReducer = new NumberReducer(this);
         this.configuration = new Configuration(configuration);
         LexerTokenizer lexerTokenizer = new LexerTokenizer();
-        ShuntingYardParser shuntingYardParser = new ShuntingYardParser(this);
+        ShuntingYardParser shuntingYardParser = new ShuntingYardParser();
         treeBuilder = new TreeBuilder<>(lexerTokenizer, shuntingYardParser);
 
         pluginManager.addListener(shuntingYardParser);
         pluginManager.addListener(lexerTokenizer);
     }
 
-    public static void main(String[] args) {
-        AbacusApplication.launch(AbacusApplication.class, args);
-    }
-
     /**
      * Gets the current tree builder.
      *

core/src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/config/Configuration.java

@@ -30,6 +30,10 @@ public class Configuration {
      */
     private static final TomlWriter TOML_WRITER = new TomlWriter();
 
+    /**
+     * The computation delay for which the thread can run without interruption.
+     */
+    private double computationDelay = 0;
     /**
      * The implementation of the number that should be used.
      */
@@ -44,17 +48,19 @@ public class Configuration {
      *
      * @param copyFrom the configuration to copy.
      */
-    public Configuration(Configuration copyFrom){
+    public Configuration(Configuration copyFrom) {
         copyFrom(copyFrom);
     }
 
     /**
      * Creates a new configuration with the given values.
      *
+     * @param computationDelay     the delay before the computation gets killed.
      * @param numberImplementation the number implementation, like "naive" or "precise"
      * @param disabledPlugins      the list of disabled plugins.
      */
-    public Configuration(String numberImplementation, String[] disabledPlugins) {
+    public Configuration(double computationDelay, String numberImplementation, String[] disabledPlugins) {
+        this.computationDelay = computationDelay;
         this.numberImplementation = numberImplementation;
         this.disabledPlugins.addAll(Arrays.asList(disabledPlugins));
     }
@@ -75,6 +81,7 @@ public class Configuration {
      * @param otherConfiguration the configuration to copy from.
      */
     public void copyFrom(Configuration otherConfiguration) {
+        this.computationDelay = otherConfiguration.computationDelay;
         this.numberImplementation = otherConfiguration.numberImplementation;
         this.disabledPlugins.addAll(otherConfiguration.disabledPlugins);
     }
@@ -99,7 +106,7 @@ public class Configuration {
      *
      * @return the string that represents this configuration.
      */
-    public String asTomlString(){
+    public String asTomlString() {
         return TOML_WRITER.write(this);
     }
 
@@ -130,4 +137,23 @@ public class Configuration {
         return disabledPlugins;
     }
 
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the computation delay specified in the configuration.
+     *
+     * @return the computaton delay.
+     */
+    public double getComputationDelay() {
+        return computationDelay;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the computation delay.
+     *
+     * @param computationDelay the new computation delay.
+     */
+    public void setComputationDelay(double computationDelay) {
+        this.computationDelay = computationDelay;
+    }
+
 }

core/src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/function/DocumentationType.java

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.function;
+
+/**
+ * Enum that holds the type of documentation that has been
+ * registered with Abacus.
+ */
+public enum DocumentationType {
+
+    FUNCTION
+
+}

core/src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/number/ComputationInterruptedException.java

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ public class ComputationInterruptedException extends RuntimeException {
     /**
      * Creates a new exception of this type.
      */
-    public ComputationInterruptedException(){
+    public ComputationInterruptedException() {
         super("Computation interrupted by user.");
     }
 

core/src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/number/NaiveNumber.java

@@ -128,5 +128,9 @@ public class NaiveNumber extends NumberInterface {
         return Double.toString(Math.round(value * shiftBy) / shiftBy);
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public NumberInterface getMaxError() {
+        return new NaiveNumber(Math.pow(10, -18));
+    }
 }
 

core/src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/number/NumberInterface.java

@@ -9,10 +9,11 @@ public abstract class NumberInterface {
      * Check if the thread was interrupted and
      * throw an exception to end the computation.
      */
-    private static void checkInterrupted(){
-        if(Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted())
+    private static void checkInterrupted() {
+        if (Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted())
             throw new ComputationInterruptedException();
     }
+
     /**
      * The maximum precision to which this number operates.
      *
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ public abstract class NumberInterface {
      * @param multiplier the multiplier
      * @return the result of the multiplication.
      */
-    public final NumberInterface multiply(NumberInterface multiplier){
+    public final NumberInterface multiply(NumberInterface multiplier) {
         checkInterrupted();
         return multiplyInternal(multiplier);
     }
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ public abstract class NumberInterface {
      * @param divisor the divisor
      * @return the result of the division.
      */
-    public final NumberInterface divide(NumberInterface divisor){
+    public final NumberInterface divide(NumberInterface divisor) {
         checkInterrupted();
         return divideInternal(divisor);
     }
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@ public abstract class NumberInterface {
      * @param summand the summand
      * @return the result of the summation.
      */
-    public final NumberInterface add(NumberInterface summand){
+    public final NumberInterface add(NumberInterface summand) {
         checkInterrupted();
         return addInternal(summand);
     }
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ public abstract class NumberInterface {
      * @param subtrahend the subtrahend.
      * @return the result of the subtraction.
      */
-    public final NumberInterface subtract(NumberInterface subtrahend){
+    public final NumberInterface subtract(NumberInterface subtrahend) {
         checkInterrupted();
         return subtractInternal(subtrahend);
     }
@@ -129,7 +130,7 @@ public abstract class NumberInterface {
      *
      * @return the new instance.
      */
-    public final NumberInterface negate(){
+    public final NumberInterface negate() {
         checkInterrupted();
         return negateInternal();
     }
@@ -150,7 +151,7 @@ public abstract class NumberInterface {
      * @param exponent the exponent to which to take the number.
      * @return the resulting value.
      */
-    public final NumberInterface intPow(int exponent){
+    public final NumberInterface intPow(int exponent) {
         checkInterrupted();
         return intPowInternal(exponent);
     }
@@ -173,7 +174,7 @@ public abstract class NumberInterface {
     /**
      * Returns the least integer greater than or equal to the number.
      *
-     * @return the least integer >= the number, if int can hold the value.
+     * @return the least integer greater or equal to the number, if int can hold the value.
      */
     protected abstract NumberInterface ceilingInternal();
 
@@ -182,9 +183,9 @@ public abstract class NumberInterface {
      * Also, checks if the thread has been interrupted, and if so, throws
      * an exception.
      *
-     * @return the least integer bigger or equal to the number, if int can hold the value.
+     * @return the least integer bigger or equal to the number.
      */
-    public final NumberInterface ceiling(){
+    public final NumberInterface ceiling() {
         checkInterrupted();
         return ceilingInternal();
     }
@@ -192,7 +193,7 @@ public abstract class NumberInterface {
     /**
      * Return the greatest integer less than or equal to the number.
      *
-     * @return the greatest integer smaller or equal the number, if int can hold the value.
+     * @return the greatest integer smaller or equal the number.
      */
     protected abstract NumberInterface floorInternal();
 
@@ -201,9 +202,9 @@ public abstract class NumberInterface {
      * Also, checks if the thread has been interrupted, and if so, throws
      * an exception.
      *
-     * @return the greatest int >= the number, if int can hold the value.
+     * @return the greatest int smaller than or equal to the number.
      */
-    public final NumberInterface floor(){
+    public final NumberInterface floor() {
         checkInterrupted();
         return floorInternal();
     }
@@ -216,12 +217,13 @@ public abstract class NumberInterface {
     protected abstract NumberInterface fractionalPartInternal();
 
     /**
-     * Returns the fractional part of the number.
+     * Returns the fractional part of the number, specifically x - floor(x).
      * Also, checks if the thread has been interrupted,
      * and if so, throws an exception.
+     *
      * @return the fractional part of the number.
      */
-    public final NumberInterface fractionalPart(){
+    public final NumberInterface fractionalPart() {
         checkInterrupted();
         return fractionalPartInternal();
     }
@@ -240,6 +242,7 @@ public abstract class NumberInterface {
      * @param toClass the class to promote to.
      * @return the resulting new instance.
      */
+    @Deprecated
     protected abstract NumberInterface promoteToInternal(Class<? extends NumberInterface> toClass);
 
     /**
@@ -250,9 +253,18 @@ public abstract class NumberInterface {
      * @param toClass the class to promote to.
      * @return the resulting new instance.
      */
+    @Deprecated
     public final NumberInterface promoteTo(Class<? extends NumberInterface> toClass) {
         checkInterrupted();
         return promoteToInternal(toClass);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns the smallest error this instance can tolerate depending
+     * on its precision and value.
+     *
+     * @return the smallest error that should be permitted in calculations.
+     */
+    public abstract NumberInterface getMaxError();
+
 }

core/src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/number/PreciseNumber.java

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package org.nwapw.abacus.number;
 
 import java.math.BigDecimal;
-import java.math.RoundingMode;
+import java.math.MathContext;
 
 /**
  * A number that uses a BigDecimal to store its value,
@@ -22,6 +22,21 @@ public class PreciseNumber extends NumberInterface {
      */
     public static final PreciseNumber TEN = new PreciseNumber(BigDecimal.TEN);
 
+    /**
+     * The number of extra significant figures kept in calculations before rounding for output.
+     */
+    private static int numExtraInternalSigFigs = 15;
+
+    /**
+     * MathContext that is used when rounding a number prior to output.
+     */
+    private static MathContext outputContext = new MathContext(50);
+
+    /**
+     * MathContext that is actually used in calculations.
+     */
+    private static MathContext internalContext = new MathContext(outputContext.getPrecision() + numExtraInternalSigFigs);
+
     /**
      * The value of the PreciseNumber.
      */
@@ -48,7 +63,7 @@ public class PreciseNumber extends NumberInterface {
 
     @Override
     public int getMaxPrecision() {
-        return 65;
+        return internalContext.getPrecision();
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -58,7 +73,7 @@ public class PreciseNumber extends NumberInterface {
 
     @Override
     public NumberInterface divideInternal(NumberInterface divisor) {
-        return new PreciseNumber(value.divide(((PreciseNumber) divisor).value, this.getMaxPrecision(), RoundingMode.HALF_UP));
+        return new PreciseNumber(value.divide(((PreciseNumber) divisor).value, internalContext));
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -113,19 +128,18 @@ public class PreciseNumber extends NumberInterface {
         String str = value.toPlainString();
         int decimalIndex = str.indexOf('.');
         if (decimalIndex != -1) {
-            return new PreciseNumber(str.substring(0, decimalIndex));
+            NumberInterface floor = new PreciseNumber(str.substring(0, decimalIndex));
+            if (signum() == -1) {
+                floor = floor.subtract(ONE);
+            }
+            return floor;
         }
         return this;
     }
 
     @Override
     public NumberInterface fractionalPartInternal() {
-        String str = value.toPlainString();
-        int decimalIndex = str.indexOf('.');
-        if (decimalIndex != -1) {
-            return new PreciseNumber(str.substring(decimalIndex + 1));
-        }
-        return ZERO;
+        return this.subtractInternal(floorInternal());
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -148,7 +162,11 @@ public class PreciseNumber extends NumberInterface {
 
     @Override
     public String toString() {
-        BigDecimal rounded = value.setScale(getMaxPrecision() - 15, RoundingMode.HALF_UP);
-        return rounded.stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString();
+        return value.round(outputContext).toString();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public NumberInterface getMaxError() {
+        return new PreciseNumber(value.ulp()).multiplyInternal(TEN.intPowInternal(value.precision() - internalContext.getPrecision()));
     }
 }

core/src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/parsing/LexerTokenizer.java

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ public class LexerTokenizer implements Tokenizer<Match<TokenType>>, PluginListen
             register(" ", TokenType.WHITESPACE);
             register(",", TokenType.COMMA);
             register("[0-9]*(\\.[0-9]+)?", TokenType.NUM);
+            register("[a-zA-Z]+", TokenType.VARIABLE);
             register("\\(", TokenType.OPEN_PARENTH);
             register("\\)", TokenType.CLOSE_PARENTH);
         }};

core/src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/parsing/ShuntingYardParser.java

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 package org.nwapw.abacus.parsing;
 
-import org.nwapw.abacus.Abacus;
 import org.nwapw.abacus.function.Operator;
 import org.nwapw.abacus.function.OperatorAssociativity;
 import org.nwapw.abacus.function.OperatorType;
@@ -17,10 +16,6 @@ import java.util.*;
  */
 public class ShuntingYardParser implements Parser<Match<TokenType>>, PluginListener {
 
-    /**
-     * The Abacus instance used to create number instances.
-     */
-    private Abacus abacus;
     /**
      * Map of operator precedences, loaded from the plugin operators.
      */
@@ -35,12 +30,9 @@ public class ShuntingYardParser implements Parser<Match<TokenType>>, PluginListe
     private Map<String, OperatorType> typeMap;
 
     /**
-     * Creates a new Shunting Yard parser with the given Abacus instance.
-     *
-     * @param abacus the abacus instance.
+     * Creates a new Shunting Yard parser.
      */
-    public ShuntingYardParser(Abacus abacus) {
-        this.abacus = abacus;
+    public ShuntingYardParser() {
         precedenceMap = new HashMap<>();
         associativityMap = new HashMap<>();
         typeMap = new HashMap<>();
@@ -61,7 +53,7 @@ public class ShuntingYardParser implements Parser<Match<TokenType>>, PluginListe
             Match<TokenType> match = from.remove(0);
             previousType = matchType;
             matchType = match.getType();
-            if (matchType == TokenType.NUM) {
+            if (matchType == TokenType.NUM || matchType == TokenType.VARIABLE) {
                 output.add(match);
             } else if (matchType == TokenType.FUNCTION) {
                 output.add(new Match<>("", TokenType.INTERNAL_FUNCTION_END));
@@ -143,7 +135,9 @@ public class ShuntingYardParser implements Parser<Match<TokenType>>, PluginListe
                 else return new UnaryNode(operator, applyTo);
             }
         } else if (matchType == TokenType.NUM) {
-            return new NumberNode(abacus.numberFromString(match.getContent()));
+            return new NumberNode(match.getContent());
+        } else if (matchType == TokenType.VARIABLE) {
+            return new VariableNode(match.getContent());
         } else if (matchType == TokenType.FUNCTION) {
             String functionName = match.getContent();
             FunctionNode node = new FunctionNode(functionName);
@@ -162,7 +156,7 @@ public class ShuntingYardParser implements Parser<Match<TokenType>>, PluginListe
     @Override
     public TreeNode constructTree(List<Match<TokenType>> tokens) {
         tokens = intoPostfix(new ArrayList<>(tokens));
-        if(tokens == null) return null;
+        if (tokens == null) return null;
         Collections.reverse(tokens);
         TreeNode constructedTree = constructRecursive(tokens);
         return tokens.size() == 0 ? constructedTree : null;

core/src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/plugin/NumberImplementation.java

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ public abstract class NumberImplementation {
     /**
      * The list of paths through which this implementation can be promoted.
      */
-    protected Map<Class<? extends NumberInterface>, Function<NumberInterface, NumberInterface>> promotionPaths;
+    private Map<Class<? extends NumberInterface>, Function<NumberInterface, NumberInterface>> promotionPaths;
     /**
      * The implementation class for this implementation.
      */

core/src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/plugin/Plugin.java

@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
 package org.nwapw.abacus.plugin;
 
+import org.nwapw.abacus.function.Documentation;
+import org.nwapw.abacus.function.DocumentationType;
 import org.nwapw.abacus.function.Function;
 import org.nwapw.abacus.function.Operator;
 import org.nwapw.abacus.number.NumberInterface;
 
-import java.util.HashMap;
-import java.util.Map;
-import java.util.Set;
-
 /**
  * A plugin class that can be externally implemented and loaded via the
  * plugin manager. Plugins provide functionality to the calculator
@@ -17,18 +15,6 @@ import java.util.Set;
  */
 public abstract class Plugin {
 
-    /**
-     * A hash map of functions mapped to their string names.
-     */
-    private Map<String, Function> functions;
-    /**
-     * A hash map of operators mapped to their string names.
-     */
-    private Map<String, Operator> operators;
-    /**
-     * The map of the number implementations this plugin provides.
-     */
-    private Map<String, NumberImplementation> numberImplementations;
     /**
      * The plugin manager in which to search for functions
      * not inside this package,
@@ -49,69 +35,9 @@ public abstract class Plugin {
      */
     public Plugin(PluginManager manager) {
         this.manager = manager;
-        functions = new HashMap<>();
-        operators = new HashMap<>();
-        numberImplementations = new HashMap<>();
         enabled = false;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Gets the list of functions provided by this plugin.
-     *
-     * @return the list of registered functions.
-     */
-    public final Set<String> providedFunctions() {
-        return functions.keySet();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the list of functions provided by this plugin.
-     *
-     * @return the list of registered functions.
-     */
-    public final Set<String> providedOperators() {
-        return operators.keySet();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the list of number implementations provided by this plugin.
-     *
-     * @return the list of registered number implementations.
-     */
-    public final Set<String> providedNumberImplementations() {
-        return numberImplementations.keySet();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets a function under the given function name.
-     *
-     * @param functionName the name of the function to get
-     * @return the function, or null if this plugin doesn't provide it.
-     */
-    public final Function getFunction(String functionName) {
-        return functions.get(functionName);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets an operator under the given operator name.
-     *
-     * @param operatorName the name of the operator to get.
-     * @return the operator, or null if this plugin doesn't provide it.
-     */
-    public final Operator getOperator(String operatorName) {
-        return operators.get(operatorName);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the number implementation under the given name.
-     *
-     * @param name the name of the number implementation to look up.
-     * @return the number implementation associated with that name, or null if the plugin doesn't provide it.
-     */
-    public final NumberImplementation getNumberImplementation(String name) {
-        return numberImplementations.get(name);
-    }
-
     /**
      * Enables the function, loading the necessary instances
      * of functions.
@@ -129,8 +55,6 @@ public abstract class Plugin {
     public final void disable() {
         if (!enabled) return;
         onDisable();
-        functions.clear();
-        operators.clear();
         enabled = false;
     }
 
@@ -142,7 +66,7 @@ public abstract class Plugin {
      * @param toRegister the function implementation.
      */
     protected final void registerFunction(String name, Function toRegister) {
-        functions.put(name, toRegister);
+        manager.registerFunction(name, toRegister);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -154,7 +78,7 @@ public abstract class Plugin {
      * @param operator the operator to register.
      */
     protected final void registerOperator(String name, Operator operator) {
-        operators.put(name, operator);
+        manager.registerOperator(name, operator);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -165,7 +89,17 @@ public abstract class Plugin {
      * @param implementation the actual implementation class to register.
      */
     protected final void registerNumberImplementation(String name, NumberImplementation implementation) {
-        numberImplementations.put(name, implementation);
+        manager.registerNumberImplementation(name, implementation);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * To be used in load(). Registers a documentation instance
+     * used to explain some element of the plugin to the user.
+     *
+     * @param documentation the documentation instance.
+     */
+    protected final void registerDocumentation(Documentation documentation) {
+        manager.registerDocumentation(documentation);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -204,6 +138,17 @@ public abstract class Plugin {
         return manager.numberImplementationFor(name);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Searches the PluginManager for the given documentation name and type.
+     *
+     * @param name the name for which to search.
+     * @param type the type of documentation to search for.
+     * @return the found documentation, or null if none was found.
+     */
+    protected final Documentation documentationFor(String name, DocumentationType type) {
+        return manager.documentationFor(name, type);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Searches the plugin manager for a Pi value for the given number implementation.
      * This is done so that number implementations with various degrees of precision
@@ -213,7 +158,7 @@ public abstract class Plugin {
      * @param forClass the class to which to find the pi instance.
      * @return the pi value for the given class.
      */
-    protected final NumberInterface getPi(Class<? extends NumberInterface> forClass) {
+    protected final NumberInterface piFor(Class<? extends NumberInterface> forClass) {
         return manager.piFor(forClass);
     }
 

core/src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/plugin/PluginManager.java

@@ -1,12 +1,17 @@
 package org.nwapw.abacus.plugin;
 
 import org.nwapw.abacus.Abacus;
+import org.nwapw.abacus.function.Documentation;
+import org.nwapw.abacus.function.DocumentationType;
 import org.nwapw.abacus.function.Function;
 import org.nwapw.abacus.function.Operator;
 import org.nwapw.abacus.number.NumberInterface;
 
 import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
-import java.util.*;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
 
 /**
  * A class that controls instances of plugins, allowing for them
@@ -23,20 +28,21 @@ public class PluginManager {
      */
     private Set<Plugin> plugins;
     /**
-     * List of functions that have been cached,
-     * that is, found in a plugin and returned.
+     * The map of functions registered by the plugins.
      */
-    private Map<String, Function> cachedFunctions;
+    private Map<String, Function> registeredFunctions;
     /**
-     * List of operators that have been cached,
-     * that is, found in a plugin and returned.
+     * The map of operators registered by the plugins
      */
-    private Map<String, Operator> cachedOperators;
+    private Map<String, Operator> registeredOperators;
     /**
-     * The list of number implementations that have
-     * been cached, that is, found in a plugin and returned.
+     * The map of number implementations registered by the plugins.
      */
-    private Map<String, NumberImplementation> cachedNumberImplementations;
+    private Map<String, NumberImplementation> registeredNumberImplementations;
+    /**
+     * The map of documentation for functions registered by the plugins.
+     */
+    private Set<Documentation> registeredDocumentation;
     /**
      * The list of number implementations that have been
      * found by their implementation class.
@@ -46,18 +52,6 @@ public class PluginManager {
      * The pi values for each implementation class that have already been computer.
      */
     private Map<Class<? extends NumberInterface>, NumberInterface> cachedPi;
-    /**
-     * List of all functions loaded by the plugins.
-     */
-    private Set<String> allFunctions;
-    /**
-     * List of all operators loaded by the plugins.
-     */
-    private Set<String> allOperators;
-    /**
-     * List of all the number implementations loaded by the plugins.
-     */
-    private Set<String> allNumberImplementations;
     /**
      * The list of plugin listeners attached to this instance.
      */
@@ -77,79 +71,105 @@ public class PluginManager {
         this.abacus = abacus;
         loadedPluginClasses = new HashSet<>();
         plugins = new HashSet<>();
-        cachedFunctions = new HashMap<>();
-        cachedOperators = new HashMap<>();
-        cachedNumberImplementations = new HashMap<>();
+        registeredFunctions = new HashMap<>();
+        registeredOperators = new HashMap<>();
+        registeredNumberImplementations = new HashMap<>();
+        registeredDocumentation = new HashSet<>();
         cachedInterfaceImplementations = new HashMap<>();
         cachedPi = new HashMap<>();
-        allFunctions = new HashSet<>();
-        allOperators = new HashSet<>();
-        allNumberImplementations = new HashSet<>();
         listeners = new HashSet<>();
     }
 
     /**
-     * Searches the plugin list for a certain value, retrieving the Plugin's
-     * list of items of the type using the setFunction and getting the value
-     * of it is available via getFunction. If the value is contained
-     * in the cache, it returns the cached value instead.
+     * Registers a function under the given name.
      *
-     * @param plugins     the plugin list to search.
-     * @param cache       the cache to use
-     * @param setFunction the function to retrieve a set of available T's from the plugin
-     * @param getFunction the function to get the T value under the given name
-     * @param name        the name to search for
-     * @param <T>         the type of element being search
-     * @param <K>         the type of key that the cache is indexed by.
-     * @return the retrieved element, or null if it was not found.
+     * @param name     the name of the function.
+     * @param function the function to register.
      */
-    private static <T, K> T searchCached(Collection<Plugin> plugins, Map<K, T> cache,
-                                         java.util.function.Function<Plugin, Set<K>> setFunction,
-                                         java.util.function.BiFunction<Plugin, K, T> getFunction,
-                                         K name) {
-        if (cache.containsKey(name)) return cache.get(name);
+    public void registerFunction(String name, Function function) {
+        registeredFunctions.put(name, function);
+    }
 
-        T loadedValue = null;
-        for (Plugin plugin : plugins) {
-            if (setFunction.apply(plugin).contains(name)) {
-                loadedValue = getFunction.apply(plugin, name);
+    /**
+     * Registers an operator under the given name.
+     *
+     * @param name     the name of the operator.
+     * @param operator the operator to register.
+     */
+    public void registerOperator(String name, Operator operator) {
+        registeredOperators.put(name, operator);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Registers a number implementation under the given name.
+     *
+     * @param name           the name of the number implementation.
+     * @param implementation the number implementation to register.
+     */
+    public void registerNumberImplementation(String name, NumberImplementation implementation) {
+        registeredNumberImplementations.put(name, implementation);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Registers the given documentation with the plugin manager,
+     * making it accessible to the plugin manager etc.
+     *
+     * @param documentation the documentation to register.
+     */
+    public void registerDocumentation(Documentation documentation) {
+        registeredDocumentation.add(documentation);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the function registered under the given name.
+     *
+     * @param name the name of the function.
+     * @return the function, or null if it was not found.
+     */
+    public Function functionFor(String name) {
+        return registeredFunctions.get(name);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the operator registered under the given name.
+     *
+     * @param name the name of the operator.
+     * @return the operator, or null if it was not found.
+     */
+    public Operator operatorFor(String name) {
+        return registeredOperators.get(name);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the number implementation registered under the given name.
+     *
+     * @param name the name of the number implementation.
+     * @return the number implementation, or null if it was not found.
+     */
+    public NumberImplementation numberImplementationFor(String name) {
+        return registeredNumberImplementations.get(name);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the documentation for the given entity of the given type.
+     *
+     * @param name the name of the entity to search for.
+     * @param type the type that this entity is, to filter out similarly named documentation.
+     * @return the documentation object.
+     */
+    public Documentation documentationFor(String name, DocumentationType type) {
+        Documentation toReturn = null;
+        for (Documentation entry : registeredDocumentation) {
+            if (entry.getCodeName().equals(name) && entry.getType() == type) {
+                toReturn = entry;
                 break;
             }
         }
-
-        cache.put(name, loadedValue);
-        return loadedValue;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets a function under the given name.
-     *
-     * @param name the name of the function
-     * @return the function under the given name.
-     */
-    public Function functionFor(String name) {
-        return searchCached(plugins, cachedFunctions, Plugin::providedFunctions, Plugin::getFunction, name);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets an operator under the given name.
-     *
-     * @param name the name of the operator.
-     * @return the operator under the given name.
-     */
-    public Operator operatorFor(String name) {
-        return searchCached(plugins, cachedOperators, Plugin::providedOperators, Plugin::getOperator, name);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the number implementation under the given name.
-     *
-     * @param name the name of the implementation.
-     * @return the implementation.
-     */
-    public NumberImplementation numberImplementationFor(String name) {
-        return searchCached(plugins, cachedNumberImplementations, Plugin::providedNumberImplementations,
-                Plugin::getNumberImplementation, name);
+        if (toReturn == null) {
+            toReturn = new Documentation(name, "", "", "", type);
+            registerDocumentation(toReturn);
+        }
+        return toReturn;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -161,14 +181,11 @@ public class PluginManager {
     public NumberImplementation interfaceImplementationFor(Class<? extends NumberInterface> name) {
         if (cachedInterfaceImplementations.containsKey(name)) return cachedInterfaceImplementations.get(name);
         NumberImplementation toReturn = null;
-        outside:
-        for (Plugin plugin : plugins) {
-            for (String implementationName : plugin.providedNumberImplementations()) {
-                NumberImplementation implementation = plugin.getNumberImplementation(implementationName);
-                if (implementation.getImplementation().equals(name)) {
-                    toReturn = implementation;
-                    break outside;
-                }
+        for (String key : registeredNumberImplementations.keySet()) {
+            NumberImplementation implementation = registeredNumberImplementations.get(key);
+            if (implementation.getImplementation() == name) {
+                toReturn = implementation;
+                break;
             }
         }
         cachedInterfaceImplementations.put(name, toReturn);
@@ -218,6 +235,25 @@ public class PluginManager {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Removes the plugin with the given class from the manager.
+     *
+     * @param toRemove the plugin to remove.
+     */
+    public void removeClass(Class<? extends Plugin> toRemove) {
+        if (!loadedPluginClasses.contains(toRemove)) return;
+        plugins.removeIf(plugin -> plugin.getClass() == toRemove);
+        loadedPluginClasses.remove(toRemove);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes all plugins from this plugin manager.
+     */
+    public void removeAll() {
+        loadedPluginClasses.clear();
+        plugins.clear();
+    }
+
     /**
      * Loads all the plugins in the PluginManager.
      */
@@ -227,12 +263,6 @@ public class PluginManager {
             if (disabledPlugins.contains(plugin.getClass().getName())) continue;
             plugin.enable();
         }
-        for (Plugin plugin : plugins) {
-            if (disabledPlugins.contains(plugin.getClass().getName())) continue;
-            allFunctions.addAll(plugin.providedFunctions());
-            allOperators.addAll(plugin.providedOperators());
-            allNumberImplementations.addAll(plugin.providedNumberImplementations());
-        }
         listeners.forEach(e -> e.onLoad(this));
     }
 
@@ -246,14 +276,12 @@ public class PluginManager {
             if (disabledPlugins.contains(plugin.getClass().getName())) continue;
             plugin.disable();
         }
-        cachedFunctions.clear();
-        cachedOperators.clear();
-        cachedNumberImplementations.clear();
+        registeredFunctions.clear();
+        registeredOperators.clear();
+        registeredNumberImplementations.clear();
+        registeredDocumentation.clear();
         cachedInterfaceImplementations.clear();
         cachedPi.clear();
-        allFunctions.clear();
-        allOperators.clear();
-        allNumberImplementations.clear();
         listeners.forEach(e -> e.onUnload(this));
     }
 
@@ -271,7 +299,7 @@ public class PluginManager {
      * @return the set of all functions that were loaded.
      */
     public Set<String> getAllFunctions() {
-        return allFunctions;
+        return registeredFunctions.keySet();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -280,7 +308,7 @@ public class PluginManager {
      * @return the set of all operators that were loaded.
      */
     public Set<String> getAllOperators() {
-        return allOperators;
+        return registeredOperators.keySet();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -289,7 +317,7 @@ public class PluginManager {
      * @return the set of all implementations that were loaded.
      */
     public Set<String> getAllNumberImplementations() {
-        return allNumberImplementations;
+        return registeredNumberImplementations.keySet();
     }
 
     /**

core/src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/plugin/StandardPlugin.java

@@ -0,0 +1,837 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.plugin;
+
+import org.nwapw.abacus.function.*;
+import org.nwapw.abacus.number.NaiveNumber;
+import org.nwapw.abacus.number.NumberInterface;
+import org.nwapw.abacus.number.PreciseNumber;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.function.BiFunction;
+
+/**
+ * The plugin providing standard functions such as addition and subtraction to
+ * the calculator.
+ */
+public class StandardPlugin extends Plugin {
+
+    /**
+     * The addition operator, +
+     */
+    public static final Operator OP_ADD = new Operator(OperatorAssociativity.LEFT, OperatorType.BINARY_INFIX, 0, new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length >= 1;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            NumberInterface sum = params[0];
+            for (int i = 1; i < params.length; i++) {
+                sum = sum.add(params[i]);
+            }
+            return sum;
+        }
+    });
+    /**
+     * The subtraction operator, -
+     */
+    public static final Operator OP_SUBTRACT = new Operator(OperatorAssociativity.LEFT, OperatorType.BINARY_INFIX, 0, new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 2;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params[0].subtract(params[1]);
+
+        }
+    });
+    /**
+     * The negation operator, -
+     */
+    public static final Operator OP_NEGATE = new Operator(OperatorAssociativity.LEFT, OperatorType.UNARY_PREFIX, 0, new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params[0].negate();
+        }
+    });
+    /**
+     * The multiplication operator, *
+     */
+    public static final Operator OP_MULTIPLY = new Operator(OperatorAssociativity.LEFT, OperatorType.BINARY_INFIX, 1, new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length >= 1;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            NumberInterface product = params[0];
+            for (int i = 1; i < params.length; i++) {
+                product = product.multiply(params[i]);
+            }
+            return product;
+        }
+    });
+    /**
+     * The combination operator.
+     */
+    public static final Operator OP_NCR = new Operator(OperatorAssociativity.RIGHT, OperatorType.BINARY_INFIX, 0, new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 2 && params[0].fractionalPart().signum() == 0
+                    && params[1].fractionalPart().signum() == 0;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return OP_NPR.getFunction().apply(params).divide(OP_FACTORIAL.getFunction().apply(params[1]));
+        }
+    });
+    /**
+     * The implementation for double-based naive numbers.
+     */
+    public static final NumberImplementation IMPLEMENTATION_NAIVE = new NumberImplementation(NaiveNumber.class, 0) {
+        @Override
+        public NumberInterface instanceForString(String string) {
+            return new NaiveNumber(string);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public NumberInterface instanceForPi() {
+            return new NaiveNumber(Math.PI);
+        }
+    };
+    /**
+     * The implementation for the infinite-precision BigDecimal.
+     */
+    public static final NumberImplementation IMPLEMENTATION_PRECISE = new NumberImplementation(PreciseNumber.class, 0) {
+        @Override
+        public NumberInterface instanceForString(String string) {
+            return new PreciseNumber(string);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public NumberInterface instanceForPi() {
+            NumberInterface C = FUNCTION_SQRT.apply(new PreciseNumber("10005")).multiply(new PreciseNumber("426880"));
+            NumberInterface M = PreciseNumber.ONE;
+            NumberInterface L = new PreciseNumber("13591409");
+            NumberInterface X = M;
+            NumberInterface sum = L;
+            int termsNeeded = C.getMaxPrecision() / 13 + 1;
+
+            NumberInterface lSummand = new PreciseNumber("545140134");
+            NumberInterface xMultiplier = new PreciseNumber("262537412")
+                    .multiply(new PreciseNumber("1000000000"))
+                    .add(new PreciseNumber("640768000"))
+                    .negate();
+            for (int i = 0; i < termsNeeded; i++) {
+                M = M
+                        .multiply(new PreciseNumber((12 * i + 2) + ""))
+                        .multiply(new PreciseNumber((12 * i + 6) + ""))
+                        .multiply(new PreciseNumber((12 * i + 10) + ""))
+                        .divide(new PreciseNumber(Math.pow(i + 1, 3) + ""));
+                L = L.add(lSummand);
+                X = X.multiply(xMultiplier);
+                sum = sum.add(M.multiply(L).divide(X));
+            }
+            return C.divide(sum);
+        }
+    };
+    /**
+     * Stores objects of NumberInterface with integer values for reuse.
+     */
+    private final static HashMap<Class<? extends NumberInterface>, HashMap<Integer, NumberInterface>> integerValues = new HashMap<>();
+    /**
+     * The division operator, /
+     */
+    public static final Operator OP_DIVIDE = new Operator(OperatorAssociativity.LEFT, OperatorType.BINARY_INFIX, 1, new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 2 && params[1].compareTo(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 0)) != 0;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params[0].divide(params[1]);
+        }
+    });
+    /**
+     * The factorial operator, !
+     */
+    public static final Operator OP_FACTORIAL = new Operator(OperatorAssociativity.RIGHT, OperatorType.UNARY_POSTFIX, 0, new Function() {
+        //private HashMap<Class<? extends NumberInterface>, ArrayList<NumberInterface>> storedList = new HashMap<Class<? extends NumberInterface>, ArrayList<NumberInterface>>();
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1
+                    && params[0].fractionalPart().compareTo(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 0)) == 0
+                    && params[0].signum() >= 0;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            if (params[0].signum() == 0) {
+                return fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1);
+            }
+            NumberInterface one = fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1);
+            NumberInterface factorial = params[0];
+            NumberInterface multiplier = params[0];
+            //It is necessary to later prevent calls of factorial on anything but non-negative integers.
+            while ((multiplier = multiplier.subtract(one)).signum() == 1) {
+                factorial = factorial.multiply(multiplier);
+            }
+            return factorial;
+                /*if(!storedList.containsKey(params[0].getClass())){
+                    storedList.put(params[0].getClass(), new ArrayList<NumberInterface>());
+                    storedList.get(params[0].getClass()).add(NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(params[0].getClass()));
+                    storedList.get(params[0].getClass()).add(NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(params[0].getClass()));
+                }*/
+        }
+    });
+    /**
+     * The permutation operator.
+     */
+    public static final Operator OP_NPR = new Operator(OperatorAssociativity.RIGHT, OperatorType.BINARY_INFIX, 0, new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 2 && params[0].fractionalPart().signum() == 0
+                    && params[1].fractionalPart().signum() == 0;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            if (params[0].compareTo(params[1]) < 0 ||
+                    params[0].signum() < 0 ||
+                    (params[0].signum() == 0 && params[1].signum() != 0)) return fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 0);
+            NumberInterface total = fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1);
+            NumberInterface multiplyBy = params[0];
+            NumberInterface remainingMultiplications = params[1];
+            NumberInterface halfway = params[0].divide(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 2));
+            if (remainingMultiplications.compareTo(halfway) > 0) {
+                remainingMultiplications = params[0].subtract(remainingMultiplications);
+            }
+            while (remainingMultiplications.signum() > 0) {
+                total = total.multiply(multiplyBy);
+                remainingMultiplications = remainingMultiplications.subtract(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1));
+                multiplyBy = multiplyBy.subtract(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1));
+            }
+            return total;
+        }
+    });
+    /**
+     * The absolute value function, abs(-3) = 3
+     */
+    public static final Function FUNCTION_ABS = new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params[0].multiply(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), params[0].signum()));
+        }
+    };
+    /**
+     * The natural log function.
+     */
+    public static final Function FUNCTION_LN = new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1 && params[0].compareTo(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 0)) > 0;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            NumberInterface param = params[0];
+            NumberInterface one = fromInt(param.getClass(), 1);
+            int powersOf2 = 0;
+            while (FUNCTION_ABS.apply(param.subtract(one)).compareTo(new NaiveNumber(0.1).promoteTo(param.getClass())) >= 0) {
+                if (param.subtract(one).signum() == 1) {
+                    param = param.divide(fromInt(param.getClass(), 2));
+                    powersOf2++;
+                    if (param.subtract(one).signum() != 1) {
+                        break;
+                        //No infinite loop for you.
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    param = param.multiply(fromInt(param.getClass(), 2));
+                    powersOf2--;
+                    if (param.subtract(one).signum() != -1) {
+                        break;
+                        //No infinite loop for you.
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            return getLog2(param).multiply(fromInt(param.getClass(), powersOf2)).add(getLogPartialSum(param));
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the partial sum of the Taylor series for logx (around x=1).
+         * Automatically determines the number of terms needed based on the precision of x.
+         * @param x value at which the series is evaluated. 0 < x < 2. (x=2 is convergent but impractical.)
+         * @return the partial sum.
+         */
+        private NumberInterface getLogPartialSum(NumberInterface x) {
+
+            NumberInterface maxError = x.getMaxError();
+            x = x.subtract(fromInt(x.getClass(), 1)); //Terms used are for log(x+1).
+            NumberInterface currentNumerator = x, currentTerm = x, sum = x;
+            int n = 1;
+            while (FUNCTION_ABS.apply(currentTerm).compareTo(maxError) > 0) {
+                n++;
+                currentNumerator = currentNumerator.multiply(x).negate();
+                currentTerm = currentNumerator.divide(fromInt(x.getClass(), n));
+                sum = sum.add(currentTerm);
+            }
+            return sum;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns natural log of 2 to the required precision of the class of number.
+         * @param number a number of the same type as the return type. (Used for precision.)
+         * @return the value of log(2) with the appropriate precision.
+         */
+        private NumberInterface getLog2(NumberInterface number) {
+            NumberInterface maxError = number.getMaxError();
+            //NumberInterface errorBound = fromInt(number.getClass(), 1);
+            //We'll use the series \sigma_{n >= 1) ((1/3^n + 1/4^n) * 1/n)
+            //In the following, a=1/3^n, b=1/4^n, c = 1/n.
+            //a is also an error bound.
+            NumberInterface a = fromInt(number.getClass(), 1), b = a, c = a;
+            NumberInterface sum = fromInt(number.getClass(), 0);
+            NumberInterface one = fromInt(number.getClass(), 1);
+            int n = 0;
+            while (a.compareTo(maxError) >= 1) {
+                n++;
+                a = a.divide(fromInt(number.getClass(), 3));
+                b = b.divide(fromInt(number.getClass(), 4));
+                c = one.divide(fromInt(number.getClass(), n));
+                sum = sum.add(a.add(b).multiply(c));
+            }
+            return sum;
+        }
+    };
+    /**
+     * Gets a random number smaller or equal to the given number's integer value.
+     */
+    public static final Function FUNCTION_RAND_INT = new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return fromInt(params[0].getClass(), (int) Math.round(Math.random() * params[0].floor().intValue()));
+        }
+    };
+    /**
+     * The caret / pow operator, ^
+     */
+    public static final Operator OP_CARET = new Operator(OperatorAssociativity.RIGHT, OperatorType.BINARY_INFIX, 2, new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            NumberInterface zero = fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 0);
+            return params.length == 2
+                    && !(params[0].compareTo(zero) == 0
+                    && params[1].compareTo(zero) == 0)
+                    && !(params[0].signum() == -1 && params[1].fractionalPart().compareTo(zero) != 0);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            NumberInterface zero = fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 0);
+            if (params[0].compareTo(zero) == 0)
+                return zero;
+            else if (params[1].compareTo(zero) == 0)
+                return fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1);
+            //Detect integer bases:
+            if (params[0].fractionalPart().compareTo(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 0)) == 0
+                    && FUNCTION_ABS.apply(params[1]).compareTo(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), Integer.MAX_VALUE)) < 0
+                    && FUNCTION_ABS.apply(params[1]).compareTo(fromInt(params[1].getClass(), 1)) >= 0) {
+                NumberInterface[] newParams = {params[0], params[1].fractionalPart()};
+                return params[0].intPow(params[1].floor().intValue()).multiply(applyInternal(newParams));
+            }
+            return FUNCTION_EXP.apply(FUNCTION_LN.apply(FUNCTION_ABS.apply(params[0])).multiply(params[1]));
+        }
+    });
+    /**
+     * The square root function.
+     */
+    public static final Function FUNCTION_SQRT = new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return OP_CARET.getFunction().apply(params[0], ((new NaiveNumber(0.5)).promoteTo(params[0].getClass())));
+        }
+    };
+    private static final HashMap<Class<? extends NumberInterface>, ArrayList<NumberInterface>> FACTORIAL_LISTS = new HashMap<>();
+    /**
+     * The exponential function, exp(1) = e^1 = 2.71...
+     */
+    public static final Function FUNCTION_EXP = new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            NumberInterface maxError = params[0].getMaxError();
+            int n = 0;
+            if (params[0].signum() < 0) {
+                NumberInterface[] negatedParams = {params[0].negate()};
+                return fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1).divide(applyInternal(negatedParams));
+            } else {
+                //We need n such that x^(n+1) * 3^ceil(x) <= maxError * (n+1)!.
+                //right and left refer to lhs and rhs in the above inequality.
+                NumberInterface sum = fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1);
+                NumberInterface nextNumerator = params[0];
+                NumberInterface left = params[0].multiply(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 3).intPow(params[0].ceiling().intValue())), right = maxError;
+                do {
+                    sum = sum.add(nextNumerator.divide(factorial(params[0].getClass(), n + 1)));
+                    n++;
+                    nextNumerator = nextNumerator.multiply(params[0]);
+                    left = left.multiply(params[0]);
+                    NumberInterface nextN = fromInt(params[0].getClass(), n + 1);
+                    right = right.multiply(nextN);
+                    //System.out.println(left + ", " + right);
+                }
+                while (left.compareTo(right) > 0);
+                //System.out.println(n+1);
+                return sum;
+            }
+        }
+    };
+    /**
+     * The sine function (the argument is interpreted in radians).
+     */
+    public final Function functionSin = new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            NumberInterface pi = piFor(params[0].getClass());
+            NumberInterface twoPi = pi.multiply(fromInt(pi.getClass(), 2));
+            NumberInterface theta = getSmallAngle(params[0], pi);
+            //System.out.println(theta);
+            if (theta.compareTo(pi.multiply(new NaiveNumber(1.5).promoteTo(twoPi.getClass()))) >= 0) {
+                theta = theta.subtract(twoPi);
+            } else if (theta.compareTo(pi.divide(fromInt(pi.getClass(), 2))) > 0) {
+                theta = pi.subtract(theta);
+            }
+            //System.out.println(theta);
+            return sinTaylor(theta);
+        }
+    };
+    /**
+     * The cosine function (the argument is in radians).
+     */
+    public final Function functionCos = new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return functionSin.apply(piFor(params[0].getClass()).divide(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 2))
+                    .subtract(params[0]));
+        }
+    };
+    /**
+     * The tangent function (the argument is in radians).
+     */
+    public final Function functionTan = new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return functionSin.apply(params[0]).divide(functionCos.apply(params[0]));
+        }
+    };
+    /**
+     * The secant function (the argument is in radians).
+     */
+    public final Function functionSec = new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1).divide(functionCos.apply(params[0]));
+        }
+    };
+    /**
+     * The cosecant function (the argument is in radians).
+     */
+    public final Function functionCsc = new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1).divide(functionSin.apply(params[0]));
+        }
+    };
+    /**
+     * The cotangent function (the argument is in radians).
+     */
+    public final Function functionCot = new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return functionCos.apply(params[0]).divide(functionSin.apply(params[0]));
+        }
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * The arcsine function (return type in radians).
+     */
+    public final Function functionArcsin = new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1
+                    && FUNCTION_ABS.apply(params[0]).compareTo(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1)) <= 0;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            if (FUNCTION_ABS.apply(params[0]).compareTo(new NaiveNumber(0.8).promoteTo(params[0].getClass())) >= 0) {
+                NumberInterface[] newParams = {FUNCTION_SQRT.apply(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1).subtract(params[0].multiply(params[0])))};
+                return piFor(params[0].getClass()).divide(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 2))
+                        .subtract(applyInternal(newParams)).multiply(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), params[0].signum()));
+            }
+            NumberInterface currentTerm = params[0], sum = currentTerm,
+                    multiplier = currentTerm.multiply(currentTerm), summandBound = sum.getMaxError().multiply(fromInt(sum.getClass(), 1).subtract(multiplier)),
+                    power = currentTerm, coefficient = fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1);
+            int exponent = 1;
+            while (FUNCTION_ABS.apply(currentTerm).compareTo(summandBound) > 0) {
+                exponent += 2;
+                power = power.multiply(multiplier);
+                coefficient = coefficient.multiply(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), exponent - 2))
+                        .divide(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), exponent - 1));
+                currentTerm = power.multiply(coefficient).divide(fromInt(power.getClass(), exponent));
+                sum = sum.add(currentTerm);
+            }
+            return sum;
+        }
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * The arccosine function.
+     */
+    public final Function functionArccos = new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1 && FUNCTION_ABS.apply(params[0]).compareTo(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1)) <= 0;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return piFor(params[0].getClass()).divide(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 2))
+                    .subtract(functionArcsin.apply(params));
+        }
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * The arccosecant function.
+     */
+    public final Function functionArccsc = new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1 && FUNCTION_ABS.apply(params[0]).compareTo(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1)) >= 0;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            NumberInterface[] reciprocalParamArr = {fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1).divide(params[0])};
+            return functionArcsin.apply(reciprocalParamArr);
+        }
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * The arcsecant function.
+     */
+    public final Function functionArcsec = new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1 && FUNCTION_ABS.apply(params[0]).compareTo(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1)) >= 0;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            NumberInterface[] reciprocalParamArr = {fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1).divide(params[0])};
+            return functionArccos.apply(reciprocalParamArr);
+        }
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * The arctangent function.
+     */
+    public final Function functionArctan = new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            if (params[0].signum() == -1) {
+                NumberInterface[] negatedParams = {params[0].negate()};
+                return applyInternal(negatedParams).negate();
+            }
+            if (params[0].compareTo(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1)) > 0) {
+                NumberInterface[] reciprocalParams = {fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1).divide(params[0])};
+                return piFor(params[0].getClass()).divide(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 2))
+                        .subtract(applyInternal(reciprocalParams));
+            }
+            if (params[0].compareTo(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1)) == 0) {
+                return piFor(params[0].getClass()).divide(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 4));
+            }
+            if (params[0].compareTo(new NaiveNumber(0.9).promoteTo(params[0].getClass())) >= 0) {
+                NumberInterface[] newParams = {params[0].multiply(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 2))
+                        .divide(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 1).subtract(params[0].multiply(params[0])))};
+                return applyInternal(newParams).divide(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 2));
+            }
+            NumberInterface currentPower = params[0], currentTerm = currentPower, sum = currentTerm,
+                    maxError = params[0].getMaxError(), multiplier = currentPower.multiply(currentPower).negate();
+            int n = 1;
+            while (FUNCTION_ABS.apply(currentTerm).compareTo(maxError) > 0) {
+                n += 2;
+                currentPower = currentPower.multiply(multiplier);
+                currentTerm = currentPower.divide(fromInt(currentPower.getClass(), n));
+                sum = sum.add(currentTerm);
+            }
+            return sum;
+        }
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * The arccotangent function. Range: (0, pi).
+     */
+    public final Function functionArccot = new Function() {
+        @Override
+        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return params.length == 1;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+            return piFor(params[0].getClass()).divide(fromInt(params[0].getClass(), 2))
+                    .subtract(functionArctan.apply(params));
+        }
+    };
+
+    public StandardPlugin(PluginManager manager) {
+        super(manager);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a partial sum of a series whose terms are given by the nthTermFunction, evaluated at x.
+     *
+     * @param x               the value at which the series is evaluated.
+     * @param nthTermFunction the function that returns the nth term of the series, in the format term(x, n).
+     * @param n               the number of terms in the partial sum.
+     * @return the value of the partial sum that has the same class as x.
+     */
+    private static NumberInterface sumSeries(NumberInterface x, BiFunction<Integer, NumberInterface, NumberInterface> nthTermFunction, int n) {
+        NumberInterface sum = fromInt(x.getClass(), 0);
+        for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
+            sum = sum.add(nthTermFunction.apply(i, x));
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A factorial function that uses memoization for each number class; it efficiently
+     * computes factorials of non-negative integers.
+     *
+     * @param numberClass type of number to return.
+     * @param n           non-negative integer.
+     * @return a number of numClass with value n factorial.
+     */
+    public static NumberInterface factorial(Class<? extends NumberInterface> numberClass, int n) {
+        if (!FACTORIAL_LISTS.containsKey(numberClass)) {
+            FACTORIAL_LISTS.put(numberClass, new ArrayList<>());
+            FACTORIAL_LISTS.get(numberClass).add(fromInt(numberClass, 1));
+            FACTORIAL_LISTS.get(numberClass).add(fromInt(numberClass, 1));
+        }
+        ArrayList<NumberInterface> list = FACTORIAL_LISTS.get(numberClass);
+        if (n >= list.size()) {
+            while (list.size() < n + 16) {
+                list.add(list.get(list.size() - 1).multiply(fromInt(numberClass, list.size())));
+            }
+        }
+        return list.get(n);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the value of the Taylor series for sin (centered at 0) at x.
+     *
+     * @param x where the series is evaluated.
+     * @return the value of the series
+     */
+    private static NumberInterface sinTaylor(NumberInterface x) {
+        NumberInterface power = x, multiplier = x.multiply(x).negate(), currentTerm = x, sum = x;
+        NumberInterface maxError = x.getMaxError();
+        int n = 1;
+        do {
+            n += 2;
+            power = power.multiply(multiplier);
+            currentTerm = power.divide(factorial(x.getClass(), n));
+            sum = sum.add(currentTerm);
+        } while (FUNCTION_ABS.apply(currentTerm).compareTo(maxError) > 0);
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an equivalent angle in the interval [0, 2pi)
+     *
+     * @param phi an angle (in radians).
+     * @return theta in [0, 2pi) that differs from phi by a multiple of 2pi.
+     */
+    private static NumberInterface getSmallAngle(NumberInterface phi, NumberInterface pi) {
+        NumberInterface twoPi = pi.multiply(fromInt(pi.getClass(), 2));
+        NumberInterface theta = FUNCTION_ABS.apply(phi).subtract(twoPi
+                .multiply(FUNCTION_ABS.apply(phi).divide(twoPi).floor())); //Now theta is in [0, 2pi).
+        if (phi.signum() < 0) {
+            theta = twoPi.subtract(theta);
+        }
+        return theta;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a number of class numType with value n.
+     *
+     * @param numType class of number to return.
+     * @param n       value of returned number.
+     * @return numClass instance with value n.
+     */
+    private static NumberInterface fromInt(Class<? extends NumberInterface> numType, int n) {
+        if (!integerValues.containsKey(numType)) {
+            integerValues.put(numType, new HashMap<>());
+        }
+        if (!integerValues.get(numType).containsKey(n)) {
+            integerValues.get(numType).put(n, new NaiveNumber(n).promoteTo(numType));
+        }
+        return integerValues.get(numType).get(n);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onEnable() {
+        registerNumberImplementation("naive", IMPLEMENTATION_NAIVE);
+        registerNumberImplementation("precise", IMPLEMENTATION_PRECISE);
+
+        registerOperator("+", OP_ADD);
+        registerOperator("-", OP_SUBTRACT);
+        registerOperator("`", OP_NEGATE);
+        registerOperator("*", OP_MULTIPLY);
+        registerOperator("/", OP_DIVIDE);
+        registerOperator("^", OP_CARET);
+        registerOperator("!", OP_FACTORIAL);
+
+        registerOperator("nPr", OP_NPR);
+        registerOperator("nCr", OP_NCR);
+
+        registerFunction("abs", FUNCTION_ABS);
+        registerFunction("exp", FUNCTION_EXP);
+        registerFunction("ln", FUNCTION_LN);
+        registerFunction("sqrt", FUNCTION_SQRT);
+
+        registerFunction("sin", functionSin);
+        registerFunction("cos", functionCos);
+        registerFunction("tan", functionTan);
+        registerFunction("sec", functionSec);
+        registerFunction("csc", functionCsc);
+        registerFunction("cot", functionCot);
+
+        registerFunction("arcsin", functionArcsin);
+        registerFunction("arccos", functionArccos);
+        registerFunction("arctan", functionArctan);
+        registerFunction("arcsec", functionArcsec);
+        registerFunction("arccsc", functionArccsc);
+        registerFunction("arccot", functionArccot);
+
+        registerFunction("random_int", FUNCTION_RAND_INT);
+
+        registerDocumentation(new Documentation("abs", "Absolute Value", "Finds the distance " +
+                "from zero of a number.", "Given a number, this function finds the distance form " +
+                "zero of a number, effectively turning negative numbers into positive ones.\n\n" +
+                "Example: abs(-2) -> 2", DocumentationType.FUNCTION));
+        registerDocumentation(new Documentation("exp", "Exponentiate", "Brings e to the given power.",
+                "This function evaluates e to the power of the given value, and is the inverse " +
+                        "of the natural logarithm.\n\n" +
+                        "Example: exp(1) -> 2.718...", DocumentationType.FUNCTION));
+        registerDocumentation(new Documentation("ln", "Natural Logarithm", "Gets the natural " +
+                "logarithm of the given value.", "The natural logarithm of a number is " +
+                "the power that e has to be brought to to be equal to the number.\n\n" +
+                "Example: ln(2.718) -> 1", DocumentationType.FUNCTION));
+        registerDocumentation(new Documentation("sqrt", "Square Root", "Finds the square root " +
+                "of the number.", "A square root a of a number is defined as the non-negative a such that a times a is equal " +
+                "to that number.\n\n" +
+                "Example: sqrt(4) -> 2", DocumentationType.FUNCTION));
+        registerDocumentation(new Documentation("sin", "Sine", "Computes the sine of the given angle, " +
+                "in radians.", "Example: sin(pi/6) -> 0.5", DocumentationType.FUNCTION));
+        registerDocumentation(new Documentation("cos", "Cosine", "Computes the cosine of the given angle, " +
+                "in radians.", "Example: cos(pi/6) -> 0.866... (the exact result is sqrt(3)/2)", DocumentationType.FUNCTION));
+        registerDocumentation(new Documentation("tan", "Tangent", "Computes the tangent of the given angle, " +
+                "in radians.", "Example: tan(pi/6) -> 0.577... (the exact result is 1/sqrt(3))", DocumentationType.FUNCTION));
+        registerDocumentation(new Documentation("sec", "Secant", "Computes the secant of the given angle, " +
+                "in radians.", "Example: sec(pi/6) -> 1.154... (the exact result is 2/sqrt(3))", DocumentationType.FUNCTION));
+        registerDocumentation(new Documentation("csc", "Cosecant", "Computes the cosecant of the given angle, " +
+                "in radians.", "Example: csc(pi/6) -> 2", DocumentationType.FUNCTION));
+        registerDocumentation(new Documentation("cot", "Cotangent", "Computes the cotangent of the given angle, " +
+                "in radians.", "Example: cot(pi/6) -> 1.732... (the exact result is sqrt(3))", DocumentationType.FUNCTION));
+        registerDocumentation(new Documentation("random_int", "Random Integer", "Generates a random integer [0, n].",
+                "Generates a pseudorandom number using the standard JVM random mechanism, keeping it less than or " +
+                        "equal to the given number.\n\n" +
+                        "Example: random_int(5) -> 4\n" +
+                        "random_int(5) -> 3\n" +
+                        "random_int(5) -> 3\n", DocumentationType.FUNCTION));
+        registerDocumentation(new Documentation("arcsin", "Arcsine", "Computes the arcsine of x. (The result is in radians.)",
+                "Example: arcsin(0.5) -> 0.523... (the exact result is pi/6)", DocumentationType.FUNCTION));
+        registerDocumentation(new Documentation("arccos", "Arccosine", "Computes the arccosine of x. (The result is in radians.)",
+                "Example: arccos(0.5) -> 1.047... (the exact result is pi/3)", DocumentationType.FUNCTION));
+        registerDocumentation(new Documentation("arctan", "Arctangent", "Computes the arctangent of x. (The result is in radians.)",
+                "Example: arctan(1) -> 0.785... (the exact result is pi/4)", DocumentationType.FUNCTION));
+        registerDocumentation(new Documentation("arcsec", "Arcsecant", "Computes the arcsecant of x. (The result is in radians.)",
+                "Example: arcsec(2) -> 1.047... (the exact result is pi/3)", DocumentationType.FUNCTION));
+        registerDocumentation(new Documentation("arccsc", "Arccosecant", "Computes the arcscosecant of x. (The result is in radians.)",
+                "Example: arccsc(2) -> 0.523... (the exact result is pi/6)", DocumentationType.FUNCTION));
+        registerDocumentation(new Documentation("arccot", "Arccotangent", "Computes the arccotangent of x. (The result is in radians," +
+                " in the range (0, pi).)",
+                "Example: arccot(0) -> 1.570... (the exact result is pi/2)", DocumentationType.FUNCTION));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onDisable() {
+
+    }
+}

core/src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/NumberReducer.java

@@ -27,7 +27,9 @@ public class NumberReducer implements Reducer<NumberInterface> {
     @Override
     public NumberInterface reduceNode(TreeNode node, Object... children) {
         if (node instanceof NumberNode) {
-            return ((NumberNode) node).getNumber();
+            return abacus.numberFromString(((NumberNode) node).getNumber());
+        } else if(node instanceof VariableNode) {
+            return abacus.numberFromString("0");
         } else if (node instanceof BinaryNode) {
             NumberInterface left = (NumberInterface) children[0];
             NumberInterface right = (NumberInterface) children[1];

core/src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/TokenType.java

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ package org.nwapw.abacus.tree;
 public enum TokenType {
 
     INTERNAL_FUNCTION_END(-1),
-    ANY(0), WHITESPACE(1), COMMA(2), OP(3), NUM(4), FUNCTION(5), OPEN_PARENTH(6), CLOSE_PARENTH(7);
+    ANY(0), WHITESPACE(1), COMMA(2), OP(3), NUM(4), VARIABLE(5), FUNCTION(6), OPEN_PARENTH(7), CLOSE_PARENTH(8);
 
     /**
      * The priority by which this token gets sorted.

core/src/main/kotlin/org/nwapw/abacus/function/Documentation.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.function
+
+/**
+ * A data class used for storing information about a function.
+ *
+ * The Documentation class holds the information necessary to display the information
+ * about a function to the user.
+ *
+ * @param codeName the name of the function as it occurs in code.
+ * @param name the name of the function in English.
+ * @param description the short description of this function.
+ * @param longDescription the full description of this function.
+ * @param type the things this documentation maps to.
+ */
+data class Documentation(val codeName: String, val name: String,
+                         val description: String, val longDescription: String,
+                         val type: DocumentationType) {
+
+    fun matches(other: String): Boolean {
+        return codeName.toLowerCase().contains(other.toLowerCase()) ||
+                name.toLowerCase().contains(other.toLowerCase()) ||
+                description.toLowerCase().contains(other.toLowerCase()) ||
+                longDescription.toLowerCase().contains(other.toLowerCase())
+    }
+
+}

core/src/main/kotlin/org/nwapw/abacus/function/Operator.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.function
+
+/**
+ * A single operator that can be used by Abacus.
+ *
+ * This is a data class that holds the information about a single operator, such as a plus or minus.
+ *
+ * @param associativity the associativity of this operator, used for order of operations;.
+ * @param type the type of this operator, used for parsing (infix / prefix / postfix and binary / unary)
+ * @param precedence the precedence of this operator, used for order of operations.
+ * @param function the function this operator applies to its arguments.
+ */
+data class Operator(val associativity: OperatorAssociativity, val type: OperatorType,
+                    val precedence: Int, val function: Function)

core/src/main/kotlin/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/BinaryNode.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.tree
+
+/**
+ * A tree node that holds a binary operation.
+ *
+ * This node represents any binary operation, such as binary infix or binary postfix. The only
+ * currently implemented into Abacus is binary infix, but that has more to do with the parser than
+ * this class, which doesn't care about the order that its operation and nodes were found in text.
+ *
+ * @param operation the operation this node performs on its children.
+ * @param left the left node.
+ * @param right the right node.
+ */
+data class BinaryNode(val operation: String, val left: TreeNode? = null, val right: TreeNode?) : TreeNode() {
+
+    override fun <T : Any> reduce(reducer: Reducer<T>): T? {
+        val leftReduce = left?.reduce(reducer) ?: return null
+        val rightReduce = right?.reduce(reducer) ?: return null
+        return reducer.reduceNode(this, leftReduce, rightReduce)
+    }
+
+    override fun toString(): String {
+        return "(" + (left?.toString() ?: "null") + operation + (right?.toString() ?: "null") + ")"
+    }
+
+}

core/src/main/kotlin/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/FunctionNode.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.tree
+
+/**
+ * A tree node that holds a function call.
+ *
+ * The function call node can hold any number of children, and passes the to the appropriate reducer,
+ * but that is its sole purpose.
+ *
+ * @param function the function string.
+ */
+data class FunctionNode(val function: String) : TreeNode() {
+
+    /**
+     * List of function parameters added to this node.
+     */
+    val children: MutableList<TreeNode> = mutableListOf()
+
+    override fun <T : Any> reduce(reducer: Reducer<T>): T? {
+        val children = Array<Any>(children.size, { children[it].reduce(reducer) ?: return null; })
+        return reducer.reduceNode(this, *children)
+    }
+
+    override fun toString(): String {
+        val buffer = StringBuffer()
+        buffer.append(function)
+        buffer.append('(')
+        for (i in 0 until children.size) {
+            buffer.append(children[i].toString())
+            buffer.append(if (i == children.size - 1) ")" else ",")
+        }
+        return buffer.toString()
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Appends a child to this node's list of children.
+     *
+     * @node the node to append.
+     */
+    fun appendChild(node: TreeNode) {
+        children.add(node)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Prepends a child to this node's list of children.
+     *
+     * @node the node to prepend.
+     */
+    fun prependChild(node: TreeNode) {
+        children.add(0, node)
+    }
+
+}

core/src/main/kotlin/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/NumberNode.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.tree
+
+import org.nwapw.abacus.number.NumberInterface
+
+/**
+ * A tree node that holds a single number value.
+ *
+ * This is a tree node that holds a single NumberInterface, which represents any number,
+ * and is not defined during compile time.
+ *
+ * @number the number value of this node.
+ */
+data class NumberNode(val number: String) : TreeNode() {
+
+    override fun <T : Any> reduce(reducer: Reducer<T>): T? {
+        return reducer.reduceNode(this)
+    }
+
+    override fun toString(): String {
+        return number
+    }
+
+}

core/src/main/kotlin/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/Reducer.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.tree
+
+/**
+ * Reducer interface that takes a tree and returns a single value.
+ *
+ * The reducer walks the tree, visiting the children first, converting them into
+ * a value, and then attempts to reduce the parent. Eventually, the single final value is returned.
+ */
+interface Reducer<out T> {
+
+    /**
+     * Reduces the given tree node, given its already reduced children.
+     *
+     * @param treeNode the tree node to reduce.
+     * @param children the list of children, of type T.
+     */
+    fun reduceNode(treeNode: TreeNode, vararg children: Any): T?
+
+}

core/src/main/kotlin/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/TreeNode.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.tree
+
+/**
+ * A tree node.
+ */
+abstract class TreeNode {
+
+    abstract fun <T : Any> reduce(reducer: Reducer<T>): T?
+
+}

core/src/main/kotlin/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/UnaryNode.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.tree
+
+/**
+ * A tree node that holds a unary operation.
+ *
+ * This node holds a single operator applied to a single parameter, and does not care
+ * whether the operation was found before or after the parameter in the text.
+ *
+ * @param operation the operation applied to the given node.
+ * @param applyTo the node to which the operation will be applied.
+ */
+data class UnaryNode(val operation: String, val applyTo: TreeNode? = null) : TreeNode() {
+
+    override fun <T : Any> reduce(reducer: Reducer<T>): T? {
+        val reducedChild = applyTo?.reduce(reducer) ?: return null
+        return reducer.reduceNode(this, reducedChild)
+    }
+
+    override fun toString(): String {
+        return "(" + (applyTo?.toString() ?: "null") + ")" + operation
+    }
+
+}

core/src/main/kotlin/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/VariableNode.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.tree
+
+/**
+ * A tree node that holds a placeholder variable.
+ *
+ * This node holds a variable string, and acts similarly to a number,
+ * with the key difference of not actually holding a value at runtime.
+ *
+ * @param variable the actual variable name that this node represents.
+ */
+data class VariableNode(val variable: String) : TreeNode() {
+
+    override fun <T : Any> reduce(reducer: Reducer<T>): T? {
+        return reducer.reduceNode(this)
+    }
+
+    override fun toString(): String {
+        return variable
+    }
+
+}

core/src/test/java/org/nwapw/abacus/tests/CalculationTests.java

@@ -11,15 +11,15 @@ import org.nwapw.abacus.tree.TreeNode;
 
 public class CalculationTests {
 
-    private static Abacus abacus = new Abacus(new Configuration("precise", new String[]{}));
+    private static Abacus abacus = new Abacus(new Configuration(0, "precise", new String[]{}));
 
     @BeforeClass
-    public static void prepareTests(){
+    public static void prepareTests() {
         abacus.getPluginManager().addInstantiated(new StandardPlugin(abacus.getPluginManager()));
         abacus.getPluginManager().load();
     }
 
-    private void testOutput(String input, String parseOutput, String output){
+    private void testOutput(String input, String parseOutput, String output) {
         TreeNode parsedTree = abacus.parseString(input);
         Assert.assertNotNull(parsedTree);
         Assert.assertEquals(parsedTree.toString(), parseOutput);
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ public class CalculationTests {
         Assert.assertTrue(result.toString().startsWith(output));
     }
 
-    private void testEvalError(String input, String parseOutput){
+    private void testEvalError(String input, String parseOutput) {
         TreeNode parsedTree = abacus.parseString(input);
         Assert.assertNotNull(parsedTree);
         Assert.assertEquals(parsedTree.toString(), parseOutput);
@@ -36,69 +36,72 @@ public class CalculationTests {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testAddition(){
+    public void testAddition() {
         testOutput("9.5+10", "(9.5+10)", "19.5");
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testSubtraction(){
+    public void testSubtraction() {
         testOutput("9.5-10", "(9.5-10)", "-0.5");
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testMultiplication(){
+    public void testMultiplication() {
         testOutput("9.5*10", "(9.5*10)", "95");
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testDivision(){
+    public void testDivision() {
         testOutput("9.5/2", "(9.5/2)", "4.75");
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testNegation(){
+    public void testNegation() {
         testOutput("-9.5", "(9.5)`", "-9.5");
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testFactorial(){
+    public void testFactorial() {
         testOutput("7!", "(7)!", "5040");
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testAbs(){
+    public void testAbs() {
         testOutput("abs(-1)", "abs((1)`)", "1");
         testOutput("abs(1)", "abs(1)", "1");
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testLn(){
+    public void testLn() {
         testEvalError("ln(-1)", "ln((1)`)");
         testOutput("ln2", "ln(2)", "0.6931471805599453094172321214581765680755");
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testSqrt(){
+    public void testSqrt() {
         testOutput("sqrt0", "sqrt(0)", "0");
         testOutput("sqrt4", "sqrt(4)", "2");
         testOutput("sqrt2", "sqrt(2)", "1.4142135623730950488016887242096980785696");
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testExp(){
+    public void testExp() {
         testOutput("exp0", "exp(0)", "1");
         testOutput("exp1", "exp(1)", "2.718281828459045235360287471352662497757247");
-        testOutput("exp300", "exp(300)", "19424263952412559365842088360176992193662086");
-        testOutput("exp300", "exp(300)", "19424263952412559365842088360176992193662086");
+        testOutput("exp300", "exp(300)", "1.9424263952412559365842088360176992193662086");
+        testOutput("exp(-500)", "exp((500)`)", "7.1245764067412855315491573771227552469277568");
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testPow(){
+    public void testPow() {
         testOutput("0^2", "(0^2)", "0");
         testOutput("2^0", "(2^0)", "1");
         testOutput("2^1", "(2^1)", "2");
         testOutput("2^-1", "(2^(1)`)", "0.5");
         testOutput("2^50", "(2^50)", "112589990684262");
+        testOutput("7^(-sqrt2*17)", "(7^((sqrt(2)*17))`)", "4.81354609155297814551845300063563");
+        testEvalError("0^0", "(0^0)");
+        testEvalError("(-13)^.9999", "((13)`^.9999)");
     }
 
 }

core/src/test/java/org/nwapw/abacus/tests/TokenizerTests.java

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ import java.util.List;
 
 public class TokenizerTests {
 
-    private static Abacus abacus = new Abacus(new Configuration("precise", new String[]{}));
+    private static Abacus abacus = new Abacus(new Configuration(0, "precise", new String[]{}));
     private static LexerTokenizer lexerTokenizer = new LexerTokenizer();
     private static Function subtractFunction = new Function() {
         @Override

docs/404.html

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+layout: base 
+---
+<h1>404</h1>
+
+<p><strong>Page not found :(</strong></p>
+<p>The requested page could not be found.</p>

docs/Gemfile

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+source "https://rubygems.org"
+
+# Hello! This is where you manage which Jekyll version is used to run.
+# When you want to use a different version, change it below, save the
+# file and run `bundle install`. Run Jekyll with `bundle exec`, like so:
+#
+#     bundle exec jekyll serve
+#
+# This will help ensure the proper Jekyll version is running.
+# Happy Jekylling!
+gem "jekyll", "3.5.2"
+
+# This is the default theme for new Jekyll sites. You may change this to anything you like.
+gem "minima", "~> 2.0"
+
+# If you want to use GitHub Pages, remove the "gem "jekyll"" above and
+# uncomment the line below. To upgrade, run `bundle update github-pages`.
+# gem "github-pages", group: :jekyll_plugins
+
+# If you have any plugins, put them here!
+group :jekyll_plugins do
+   gem "jekyll-feed", "~> 0.6"
+end
+
+# Windows does not include zoneinfo files, so bundle the tzinfo-data gem
+gem 'tzinfo-data', platforms: [:mingw, :mswin, :x64_mingw, :jruby]
+

docs/Gemfile.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+GEM
+  remote: https://rubygems.org/
+  specs:
+    addressable (2.5.1)
+      public_suffix (~> 2.0, >= 2.0.2)
+    colorator (1.1.0)
+    ffi (1.9.18)
+    forwardable-extended (2.6.0)
+    jekyll (3.5.2)
+      addressable (~> 2.4)
+      colorator (~> 1.0)
+      jekyll-sass-converter (~> 1.0)
+      jekyll-watch (~> 1.1)
+      kramdown (~> 1.3)
+      liquid (~> 4.0)
+      mercenary (~> 0.3.3)
+      pathutil (~> 0.9)
+      rouge (~> 1.7)
+      safe_yaml (~> 1.0)
+    jekyll-feed (0.9.2)
+      jekyll (~> 3.3)
+    jekyll-sass-converter (1.5.0)
+      sass (~> 3.4)
+    jekyll-watch (1.5.0)
+      listen (~> 3.0, < 3.1)
+    kramdown (1.14.0)
+    liquid (4.0.0)
+    listen (3.0.8)
+      rb-fsevent (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.4)
+      rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.7)
+    mercenary (0.3.6)
+    minima (2.1.1)
+      jekyll (~> 3.3)
+    pathutil (0.14.0)
+      forwardable-extended (~> 2.6)
+    public_suffix (2.0.5)
+    rb-fsevent (0.10.2)
+    rb-inotify (0.9.10)
+      ffi (>= 0.5.0, < 2)
+    rouge (1.11.1)
+    safe_yaml (1.0.4)
+    sass (3.5.1)
+      sass-listen (~> 4.0.0)
+    sass-listen (4.0.0)
+      rb-fsevent (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.4)
+      rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.7)
+
+PLATFORMS
+  ruby
+
+DEPENDENCIES
+  jekyll (= 3.5.2)
+  jekyll-feed (~> 0.6)
+  minima (~> 2.0)
+  tzinfo-data
+
+BUNDLED WITH
+   1.15.3

docs/_config.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Welcome to Jekyll!
+#
+# This config file is meant for settings that affect your whole blog, values
+# which you are expected to set up once and rarely edit after that. If you find
+# yourself editing this file very often, consider using Jekyll's data files
+# feature for the data you need to update frequently.
+#
+# For technical reasons, this file is *NOT* reloaded automatically when you use
+# 'bundle exec jekyll serve'. If you change this file, please restart the server process.
+
+# Site settings
+# These are used to personalize your new site. If you look in the HTML files,
+# you will see them accessed via {{ site.title }}, {{ site.email }}, and so on.
+# You can create any custom variable you would like, and they will be accessible
+# in the templates via {{ site.myvariable }}.
+title: Abacus
+email: danila.fedorin@gmail.com
+description: > # this means to ignore newlines until "baseurl:"
+  This is the home page of Abacus,
+  a calculator developed during
+  the summer of 2017 as a tool
+  for the more tech-savvy users.
+baseurl: "/abacus" # the subpath of your site, e.g. /blog
+url: "htts://danilafe.github.io" # the base hostname & protocol for your site, e.g. http://example.com
+github_username: DanilaFe 
+include: ['_pages']
+
+# Build settings
+markdown: kramdown
+plugins:
+  - jekyll-feed
+
+# Exclude from processing.
+# The following items will not be processed, by default. Create a custom list
+# to override the default setting.
+# exclude:
+#   - Gemfile
+#   - Gemfile.lock
+#   - node_modules
+#   - vendor/bundle/
+#   - vendor/cache/
+#   - vendor/gems/
+#   - vendor/ruby/

docs/_includes/head.html

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<head>
+  <meta charset="utf-8">
+  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+
+  <title>{% if page.title %}{{ page.title | escape }}{% else %}{{ site.title | escape }}{% endif %}</title>
+  <meta name="description" content="{{ page.excerpt | default: site.description | strip_html | normalize_whitespace | truncate: 160 | escape }}">
+
+  <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ "assets/css/main.css" | relative_url }}">
+  <link rel="canonical" href="{{ page.url | replace:'index.html','' | absolute_url }}">
+  <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="{{ site.title | escape }}" href="{{ "/feed.xml" | relative_url }}">
+  
+  {% if jekyll.environment == 'production' and site.google_analytics %}
+  {% include google-analytics.html %}
+  {% endif %}
+</head>
+

docs/_includes/header.html

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<nav>
+  <div class="center">
+    <a href="{{ "/" | relative_url }}" class="primary-link">{{ site.title }}</a>
+    {% for page in site.pages %}
+    {% if page.in_header %}
+    <a href="{{ page.url | relative_url }}">{{ page.title }}</a>
+    {% endif %}
+    {% endfor %}
+  </div>
+</nav>

docs/_layouts/base.html

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+
+  {% include head.html %}
+
+  <body>
+    {% include header.html %}
+
+    <div class="content center">
+      {{ content }}
+    </div>
+
+    {% include footer.html %}
+  </body>
+
+
+</html>

docs/_layouts/home.html

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  {% include head.html %}
+  <style>
+  body {
+    margin-top: 100px;
+    color: white;
+    text-align: center;
+  }
+  h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
+    font-family: "Source Code Pro"
+  }
+
+  img {
+    margin: auto;
+    width: 100%;
+    max-width: 432px;
+  }
+
+  div#buttons {
+    margin-top: 40px;
+    margin-bottom: 40px;
+  }
+
+  a {
+    background-color: white;
+    color: #06e8a4;
+  }
+
+  a:hover {
+    background-color: #06e8a4;
+    color: white;
+  }
+  </style>
+  <body>
+  <h1>Abacus</h1>
+  <h2>The programmer's calculator</h2>
+  <div id="buttons">
+    <a class="button inverted" href="{{ "/download" | relative_url }}">Download</a>
+    <a class="button inverted" href="{{ "/about" | relative_url }}">About</a>
+    <a class="button inverted" href="https://github.com/DanilaFe/abacus">Contribute</a>
+    <a class="button inverted" href="https://github.com/DanilaFe/abacus/wiki">Wiki</a>
+  </div>
+  <img src="http://i.imgur.com/Min70QY.png" title="source: imgur.com" />
+  </body>
+</html>

docs/_layouts/page.html

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+layout: base
+---
+<h1>{{ page.title }}</h1>
+{{ content }}

docs/_pages/about.md

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+---
+in_header: true
+layout: page
+title: About
+permalink: /about/
+---
+
+## So... what IS Abacus?
+It's a calculator. Obviously. But what makes it better than
+what already exists? There's a few things. Abacus is:
+* Programmable, and not in TI Basic.
+* Precise. With the "precise" option, Abacus can keep up to 50 significant figures.
+* Capable. Ever wonder what 2<sup>700</sup> is? How about 8!!? Abacus can tell you!
+* Offline. While Wolfram Alpha can do powerful math, it needs internet connection!
+* Built for the desktop. Why use buttons on the screen when there's buttons on the keyboard?
+* Open source. Don't like something? Help is always welcome!
+
+## Why was Abacus made?
+The initial project was proposed for the [Northwest Advanced Programming Workshop](http://nwapw.org/about/).
+You can read the project proposal on the main GitHub page, although the idea has
+changed quite a bit, mostly in shifting from "fast" to "precise".
+
+## What is Abacus made with?
+Java and Kotlin. Java provides a good layer of abstraction and a great standard
+library, while Kotlin allows for the reduction of boilerplate code and null
+safety. Using JVM-based languages also allows Abacus to expose its entire
+API to plugins, and load them at runtime.

docs/_pages/download.md

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+---
+in_header: true
+layout: page
+title: Download
+permalink: /download/
+---
+
+Currently, we do not provide standalone executables due to our unfamiliarity with
+including 3rd-party software. Abacus uses a number of open source libraries,
+and we do not want to breach the license terms for any of them. As soon as
+as we figure out the correct way to distribute Abacus, we will make a
+standalone distribution available. In the meantime, please use the below
+steps to run Abacus from source.
+
+## Getting the Code
+Abacus is an open source project, and is distributed under the MIT license.
+If you would like to download the source code, simply clone it from
+[GitHub](https://github.com/DanilaFe/abacus).
+Alternatively, if you don't want the bleeding edge version, check out the
+[releases](https://github.com/DanilaFe/abacus/releases).
+
+## Running from Source
+Once you have unpacked the source code, you can simply run it from
+the command line via the shell command:
+```
+./gradlew run
+```
+If you're on Windows, the command is similar:
+```
+gradlew run
+```
+This should download a distribution of Gradle, a build system that is
+used to compile Abacus. After some time, the Abacus window should appear.
+From there, you can use it normally.

docs/assets/css/main.scss

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+---
+---
+@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Code+Pro|Open+Sans|Raleway');
+
+$background-color: #19d69e;
+$code-color: #efefef;
+$accent-color: #00AFE8;
+$clear-color: white;
+$title-font: "Open Sans";
+$text-font: Helvetica;
+$code-font: "Source Code Pro";
+$max-width: 850px;
+
+a {
+  text-decoration: none;
+  color: $background-color;
+
+  &.button {
+    display: inline-block;
+    background-color: $background-color;
+    color: $clear-color;
+    padding: 10px;
+    text-decoration: none;
+    border-radius: 2px;
+
+    margin: 10px;
+    transition: background-color .25s;
+
+    &:hover {
+      background-color: $clear-color;
+      color: $background-color;
+    }
+
+    &.inverted {
+      background-color: $clear-color;
+      color: $background-color;
+
+      &:hover {
+        background-color: $background-color;
+        color: $clear-color;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
+  font: {
+    family: $title-font;
+  }
+}
+
+h1 {
+  font-size: 50px;
+}
+
+nav {
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+  background-color: $clear-color;
+  width: 100%;
+  padding: 20px;
+
+  a {
+    text-decoration: none;
+    color: $background-color;
+    font-size: 20px;
+    margin-right: 10px;
+
+    &.primary-link {
+      font-size: 30px;
+      margin-right: 20px;
+    }
+
+    &:hover {
+      color: $accent-color;
+    }
+
+    transition: color .25s;
+  }
+}
+
+body {
+  background-color: $background-color;
+  font: {
+    family: $text-font;
+  }
+  margin: 0px;
+}
+
+.center {
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+  width: 100%;
+  max-width: $max-width;
+
+  @media (min-width: $max-width) {
+    margin: {
+      left: auto;
+      right: auto;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+.content {
+  margin-top: 20px;
+  padding: 30px;
+  background-color: $clear-color;
+}
+
+code {
+  background-color: $code-color;
+  display: inline-block;
+  padding: 5px;
+  font-family: $code-font;
+
+  pre & {
+    padding: 10px;
+    display: block;
+    width: 100%;
+  }
+}

docs/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+# You don't need to edit this file, it's empty on purpose.
+# Edit theme's home layout instead if you wanna make some changes
+# See: https://jekyllrb.com/docs/themes/#overriding-theme-defaults
+layout: home
+---

fx/build.gradle

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+apply plugin: 'application'
+
+dependencies {
+    compile project(':core')
+}
+
+mainClassName = 'org.nwapw.abacus.fx.AbacusApplication'

fx/src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/fx/AbacusApplication.java

@@ -12,13 +12,30 @@ import javafx.stage.Stage;
  */
 public class AbacusApplication extends Application {
 
+    /**
+     * The controller currently managing the application.
+     */
+    private AbacusController controller;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        launch(args);
+    }
+
     @Override
     public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception {
-        Parent parent = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("/abacus.fxml"));
+        FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader(getClass().getResource("/abacus.fxml"));
+        Parent parent = loader.load();
+        controller = loader.getController();
         Scene mainScene = new Scene(parent, 320, 480);
         primaryStage.setScene(mainScene);
         primaryStage.setTitle("Abacus");
         primaryStage.show();
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public void stop() throws Exception {
+        super.stop();
+        controller.performStop();
+    }
+
 }

fx/src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/fx/AbacusController.java

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package org.nwapw.abacus.fx;
 import javafx.application.Platform;
 import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
 import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
+import javafx.collections.transformation.FilteredList;
 import javafx.fxml.FXML;
 import javafx.scene.control.*;
 import javafx.scene.control.cell.CheckBoxListCell;
@@ -11,6 +12,8 @@ import javafx.util.Callback;
 import javafx.util.StringConverter;
 import org.nwapw.abacus.Abacus;
 import org.nwapw.abacus.config.Configuration;
+import org.nwapw.abacus.function.Documentation;
+import org.nwapw.abacus.function.DocumentationType;
 import org.nwapw.abacus.number.ComputationInterruptedException;
 import org.nwapw.abacus.number.NumberInterface;
 import org.nwapw.abacus.plugin.ClassFinder;
@@ -21,7 +24,10 @@ import org.nwapw.abacus.tree.TreeNode;
 
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Comparator;
 import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 
 /**
@@ -70,6 +76,8 @@ public class AbacusController implements PluginListener {
     @FXML
     private Tab settingsTab;
     @FXML
+    private Tab functionListTab;
+    @FXML
     private TableView<HistoryModel> historyTable;
     @FXML
     private TableColumn<HistoryModel, String> inputColumn;
@@ -89,6 +97,12 @@ public class AbacusController implements PluginListener {
     private ComboBox<String> numberImplementationBox;
     @FXML
     private ListView<ToggleablePlugin> enabledPluginView;
+    @FXML
+    private TextField computationLimitField;
+    @FXML
+    private ListView<Documentation> functionListView;
+    @FXML
+    private TextField functionListSearchField;
 
     /**
      * The list of history entries, created by the users.
@@ -106,30 +120,25 @@ public class AbacusController implements PluginListener {
      * and, when reloaded, get added to the plugin manager's black list.
      */
     private ObservableList<ToggleablePlugin> enabledPlugins;
+    /**
+     * The list of functions that are registered in the calculator.
+     */
+    private ObservableList<Documentation> functionList;
+    /**
+     * The filtered list displayed to the user.
+     */
+    private FilteredList<Documentation> functionFilter;
 
     /**
      * The abacus instance used for changing the plugin configuration.
      */
     private Abacus abacus;
-
-    /**
-     * Boolean which represents whether changes were made to the configuration.
-     */
-    private boolean changesMade;
-    /**
-     * Whether an alert about changes to the configuration was already shown.
-     */
-    private boolean reloadAlertShown;
-    /**
-     * The alert shown when a press to "apply" is needed.
-     */
-    private Alert reloadAlert;
     /**
      * The runnable used to perform the calculation.
      */
     private final Runnable CALCULATION_RUNNABLE = new Runnable() {
 
-        private String attemptCalculation(){
+        private String attemptCalculation() {
             try {
                 TreeNode constructedTree = abacus.parseString(inputField.getText());
                 if (constructedTree == null) {
@@ -144,7 +153,7 @@ public class AbacusController implements PluginListener {
                 return resultingString;
             } catch (ComputationInterruptedException exception) {
                 return ERR_STOP;
-            } catch (RuntimeException exception){
+            } catch (RuntimeException exception) {
                 exception.printStackTrace();
                 return ERR_EXCEPTION;
             }
@@ -161,10 +170,38 @@ public class AbacusController implements PluginListener {
             });
         }
     };
+    /**
+     * Boolean which represents whether changes were made to the configuration.
+     */
+    private boolean changesMade;
+    /**
+     * Whether an alert about changes to the configuration was already shown.
+     */
+    private boolean reloadAlertShown;
+    /**
+     * The alert shown when a press to "apply" is needed.
+     */
+    private Alert reloadAlert;
+    /**
+     * The thread that is waiting to pause the calculation.
+     */
+    private Thread computationLimitThread;
     /**
      * The thread in which the computation runs.
      */
     private Thread calculationThread;
+    /**
+     * The runnable that takes care of killing computations that take too long.
+     */
+    private final Runnable TIMER_RUNNABLE = () -> {
+        try {
+            Configuration abacusConfig = abacus.getConfiguration();
+            if (abacusConfig.getComputationDelay() == 0) return;
+            Thread.sleep((long) (abacusConfig.getComputationDelay() * 1000));
+            performStop();
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+        }
+    };
 
     /**
      * Alerts the user if the changes they made
@@ -182,7 +219,7 @@ public class AbacusController implements PluginListener {
         Callback<TableColumn<HistoryModel, String>, TableCell<HistoryModel, String>> cellFactory =
                 param -> new CopyableCell<>();
         Callback<ListView<ToggleablePlugin>, ListCell<ToggleablePlugin>> pluginCellFactory =
-                param -> new CheckBoxListCell<>(ToggleablePlugin::enabledProperty, new StringConverter<ToggleablePlugin>() {
+                param -> new CheckBoxListCell<>(ToggleablePlugin::getEnabledProperty, new StringConverter<ToggleablePlugin>() {
                     @Override
                     public String toString(ToggleablePlugin object) {
                         return object.getClassName().substring(object.getClassName().lastIndexOf('.') + 1);
@@ -190,10 +227,15 @@ public class AbacusController implements PluginListener {
 
                     @Override
                     public ToggleablePlugin fromString(String string) {
-                        return new ToggleablePlugin(true, string);
+                        return new ToggleablePlugin(string, true);
                     }
                 });
-
+        functionList = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
+        functionFilter = new FilteredList<>(functionList, (s) -> true);
+        functionListView.setItems(functionFilter);
+        functionListSearchField.textProperty().addListener((observable, oldValue, newValue) ->
+                functionFilter.setPredicate((newValue.length() == 0) ? ((s) -> true) : ((s) -> s.matches(newValue))));
+        functionListView.setCellFactory(param -> new DocumentationCell());
         historyData = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
         historyTable.setItems(historyData);
         numberImplementationOptions = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
@@ -204,11 +246,11 @@ public class AbacusController implements PluginListener {
         enabledPluginView.setItems(enabledPlugins);
         enabledPluginView.setCellFactory(pluginCellFactory);
         inputColumn.setCellFactory(cellFactory);
-        inputColumn.setCellValueFactory(cell -> cell.getValue().inputProperty());
+        inputColumn.setCellValueFactory(cell -> cell.getValue().getInputProperty());
         parsedColumn.setCellFactory(cellFactory);
-        parsedColumn.setCellValueFactory(cell -> cell.getValue().parsedProperty());
+        parsedColumn.setCellValueFactory(cell -> cell.getValue().getParsedProperty());
         outputColumn.setCellFactory(cellFactory);
-        outputColumn.setCellValueFactory(cell -> cell.getValue().outputProperty());
+        outputColumn.setCellValueFactory(cell -> cell.getValue().getOutputProperty());
         coreTabPane.getSelectionModel().selectedItemProperty().addListener((observable, oldValue, newValue) -> {
             if (oldValue.equals(settingsTab)) alertIfApplyNeeded(true);
         });
@@ -216,13 +258,16 @@ public class AbacusController implements PluginListener {
         abacus = new Abacus(new Configuration(CONFIG_FILE));
         PluginManager abacusPluginManager = abacus.getPluginManager();
         abacusPluginManager.addListener(this);
-        abacusPluginManager.addInstantiated(new StandardPlugin(abacus.getPluginManager()));
-        try {
-            ClassFinder.loadJars("plugins").forEach(abacusPluginManager::addClass);
-        } catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        }
-        abacusPluginManager.reload();
+        performScan();
+
+        computationLimitField.setText(Double.toString(abacus.getConfiguration().getComputationDelay()));
+        computationLimitField.textProperty().addListener((observable, oldValue, newValue) -> {
+            if (!newValue.matches("(\\d+(\\.\\d*)?)?")) {
+                computationLimitField.setText(oldValue);
+            } else {
+                changesMade = true;
+            }
+        });
 
         changesMade = false;
         reloadAlertShown = false;
@@ -234,21 +279,29 @@ public class AbacusController implements PluginListener {
     }
 
     @FXML
-    private void performCalculation() {
+    public void performCalculation() {
         inputButton.setDisable(true);
         stopButton.setDisable(false);
         calculationThread = new Thread(CALCULATION_RUNNABLE);
         calculationThread.start();
+        computationLimitThread = new Thread(TIMER_RUNNABLE);
+        computationLimitThread.start();
     }
 
     @FXML
-    private void performStop(){
-        if(calculationThread != null)
+    public void performStop() {
+        if (calculationThread != null) {
             calculationThread.interrupt();
+            calculationThread = null;
+        }
+        if (computationLimitThread != null) {
+            computationLimitThread.interrupt();
+            computationLimitThread = null;
+        }
     }
 
     @FXML
-    private void performSaveAndReload() {
+    public void performSaveAndReload() {
         performSave();
         performReload();
         changesMade = false;
@@ -256,13 +309,26 @@ public class AbacusController implements PluginListener {
     }
 
     @FXML
-    private void performReload() {
+    public void performScan() {
+        PluginManager abacusPluginManager = abacus.getPluginManager();
+        abacusPluginManager.removeAll();
+        abacusPluginManager.addInstantiated(new StandardPlugin(abacus.getPluginManager()));
+        try {
+            ClassFinder.loadJars("plugins").forEach(abacusPluginManager::addClass);
+        } catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+        abacusPluginManager.reload();
+    }
+
+    @FXML
+    public void performReload() {
         alertIfApplyNeeded(true);
         abacus.getPluginManager().reload();
     }
 
     @FXML
-    private void performSave() {
+    public void performSave() {
         Configuration configuration = abacus.getConfiguration();
         configuration.setNumberImplementation(numberImplementationBox.getSelectionModel().getSelectedItem());
         Set<String> disabledPlugins = configuration.getDisabledPlugins();
@@ -270,6 +336,8 @@ public class AbacusController implements PluginListener {
         for (ToggleablePlugin pluginEntry : enabledPlugins) {
             if (!pluginEntry.isEnabled()) disabledPlugins.add(pluginEntry.getClassName());
         }
+        if (computationLimitField.getText().matches("\\d*(\\.\\d+)?") && computationLimitField.getText().length() != 0)
+            configuration.setComputationDelay(Double.parseDouble(computationLimitField.getText()));
         configuration.saveTo(CONFIG_FILE);
         changesMade = false;
         reloadAlertShown = false;
@@ -285,15 +353,21 @@ public class AbacusController implements PluginListener {
         numberImplementationBox.getSelectionModel().select(toSelect);
         for (Class<?> pluginClass : abacus.getPluginManager().getLoadedPluginClasses()) {
             String fullName = pluginClass.getName();
-            ToggleablePlugin plugin = new ToggleablePlugin(!disabledPlugins.contains(fullName), fullName);
-            plugin.enabledProperty().addListener(e -> changesMade = true);
+            ToggleablePlugin plugin = new ToggleablePlugin(fullName, !disabledPlugins.contains(fullName));
+            plugin.getEnabledProperty().addListener(e -> changesMade = true);
             enabledPlugins.add(plugin);
         }
+        PluginManager pluginManager = abacus.getPluginManager();
+        functionList.addAll(manager.getAllFunctions().stream().map(name -> pluginManager.documentationFor(name, DocumentationType.FUNCTION))
+                .collect(Collectors.toCollection(ArrayList::new)));
+        functionList.sort(Comparator.comparing(Documentation::getCodeName));
     }
 
     @Override
     public void onUnload(PluginManager manager) {
+        functionList.clear();
         enabledPlugins.clear();
         numberImplementationOptions.clear();
     }
+
 }

fx/src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/fx/DocumentationCell.java

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.fx;
+
+import javafx.scene.control.Label;
+import javafx.scene.control.ListCell;
+import javafx.scene.control.TitledPane;
+import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
+import org.nwapw.abacus.function.Documentation;
+
+public class DocumentationCell extends ListCell<Documentation> {
+
+    private Label codeNameLabel;
+    private Label nameLabel;
+    private Label description;
+    private Label longDescription;
+    private TitledPane titledPane;
+
+    public DocumentationCell() {
+        VBox vbox = new VBox();
+        vbox.setSpacing(10);
+        titledPane = new TitledPane();
+        codeNameLabel = new Label();
+        nameLabel = new Label();
+        description = new Label();
+        longDescription = new Label();
+        codeNameLabel.setWrapText(true);
+        nameLabel.setWrapText(true);
+        description.setWrapText(true);
+        longDescription.setWrapText(true);
+        vbox.getChildren().add(codeNameLabel);
+        vbox.getChildren().add(nameLabel);
+        vbox.getChildren().add(description);
+        vbox.getChildren().add(longDescription);
+        titledPane.textProperty().bindBidirectional(codeNameLabel.textProperty());
+        titledPane.setContent(vbox);
+        titledPane.setExpanded(false);
+        titledPane.prefWidthProperty().bind(widthProperty().subtract(32));
+
+        visibleProperty().addListener((a, b, c) -> titledPane.setExpanded(false));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void updateItem(Documentation item, boolean empty) {
+        super.updateItem(item, empty);
+        if (empty) {
+            codeNameLabel.setText("");
+            nameLabel.setText("");
+            description.setText("");
+            longDescription.setText("");
+            setGraphic(null);
+        } else {
+            codeNameLabel.setText(item.getCodeName());
+            nameLabel.setText(item.getName());
+            description.setText(item.getDescription());
+            longDescription.setText(item.getLongDescription());
+            setGraphic(titledPane);
+        }
+        titledPane.setExpanded(false);
+    }
+}

fx/src/main/kotlin/org/nwapw/abacus/fx/HistoryModel.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.fx
+
+import javafx.beans.property.SimpleStringProperty
+
+/**
+ * A model representing an input / output in the calculator.
+ *
+ * The HistoryModel class stores a record of a single user-provided input,
+ * its parsed form as it was interpreted by the calculator, and the output
+ * that was provided by the calculator. These are represented as properties
+ * to allow easy access by JavaFX cells.
+ *
+ * @param input the user input
+ * @param parsed the parsed version of the input.
+ * @param output the output string.
+ */
+class HistoryModel(input: String, parsed: String, output: String) {
+
+    /**
+     * The property that holds the input.
+     */
+    val inputProperty = SimpleStringProperty(input)
+    /**
+     * The property that holds the parsed input.
+     */
+    val parsedProperty = SimpleStringProperty(parsed)
+    /**
+     * The property that holds the output.
+     */
+    val outputProperty = SimpleStringProperty(output)
+
+}

fx/src/main/kotlin/org/nwapw/abacus/fx/ToggleablePlugin.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.fx
+
+import javafx.beans.property.SimpleBooleanProperty
+
+/**
+ * A model representing a plugin that can be disabled or enabled.
+ *
+ * ToggleablePlugin is a model that is used to present to the user the option
+ * of disabling / enabling plugins. The class name in this plugin is stored if
+ * its "enabledPropery" is false, essentially blacklisting the plugin.
+ *
+ * @param className the name of the class that this model concerns.
+ * @param enabled whether or not the model should start enabled.
+ */
+class ToggleablePlugin(val className: String, enabled: Boolean) {
+
+    /**
+     * The property used to interact with JavaFX components.
+     */
+    val enabledProperty = SimpleBooleanProperty(enabled)
+
+    /**
+     * Checks whether this plugin is currently enabled or not.
+     *
+     * @return true if it is enabled, false otherwise.
+     */
+    fun isEnabled(): Boolean {
+        return enabledProperty.value
+    }
+
+}

fx/src/main/resources/abacus.fxml

@@ -50,14 +50,26 @@
                     <ListView fx:id="enabledPluginView"
                               GridPane.rowIndex="1" GridPane.columnIndex="0"
                               GridPane.columnSpan="2" maxHeight="100"/>
-                    <FlowPane GridPane.columnIndex="0" GridPane.columnSpan="2" GridPane.rowIndex="2" hgap="10"
+                    <Text GridPane.columnIndex="0" GridPane.rowIndex="2" text="Computation Limit"/>
+                    <TextField fx:id="computationLimitField" GridPane.columnIndex="1" GridPane.rowIndex="2"/>
+                    <FlowPane GridPane.columnIndex="0" GridPane.columnSpan="2" GridPane.rowIndex="3" hgap="10"
                               vgap="10">
                         <Button text="Apply" onAction="#performSave"/>
                         <Button text="Reload Plugins" onAction="#performReload"/>
                         <Button text="Apply and Reload" onAction="#performSaveAndReload"/>
+                        <Button text="Scan Plugins" onAction="#performScan"/>
                     </FlowPane>
                 </GridPane>
             </Tab>
+            <Tab fx:id="functionListTab" text="Functions" closable="false">
+                <VBox spacing="10">
+                    <padding>
+                        <Insets left="10" right="10" top="10" bottom="10"/>
+                    </padding>
+                    <TextField fx:id="functionListSearchField" maxWidth="Infinity"/>
+                    <ListView maxWidth="Infinity" fx:id="functionListView"/>
+                </VBox>
+            </Tab>
         </TabPane>
     </center>
 

settings.gradle

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 rootProject.name = 'abacus'
+include 'core', 'fx'

src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/function/Operator.java

@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-package org.nwapw.abacus.function;
-
-/**
- * A class that represents a single infix operator.
- */
-public class Operator {
-
-    /**
-     * The associativity of the operator.
-     */
-    private OperatorAssociativity associativity;
-    /**
-     * The type of this operator.
-     */
-    private OperatorType type;
-    /**
-     * The precedence of the operator.
-     */
-    private int precedence;
-    /**
-     * The function that is called by this operator.
-     */
-    private Function function;
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a new operator with the given parameters.
-     *
-     * @param associativity the associativity of the operator.
-     * @param operatorType  the type of this operator, like binary infix or unary postfix.
-     * @param precedence    the precedence of the operator.
-     * @param function      the function that the operator calls.
-     */
-    public Operator(OperatorAssociativity associativity, OperatorType operatorType, int precedence, Function function) {
-        this.associativity = associativity;
-        this.type = operatorType;
-        this.precedence = precedence;
-        this.function = function;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the operator's associativity.
-     *
-     * @return the associativity.
-     */
-    public OperatorAssociativity getAssociativity() {
-        return associativity;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the operator's type.
-     *
-     * @return the type.
-     */
-    public OperatorType getType() {
-        return type;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the operator's precedence.
-     *
-     * @return the precedence.
-     */
-    public int getPrecedence() {
-        return precedence;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the operator's function.
-     *
-     * @return the function.
-     */
-    public Function getFunction() {
-        return function;
-    }
-
-}

src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/fx/HistoryModel.java

@@ -1,97 +0,0 @@
-package org.nwapw.abacus.fx;
-
-import javafx.beans.property.SimpleStringProperty;
-import javafx.beans.property.StringProperty;
-
-/**
- * The data model used for storing history entries.
- */
-public class HistoryModel {
-
-    /**
-     * The property used for displaying the column
-     * for the user input.
-     */
-    private final StringProperty input;
-    /**
-     * The property used for displaying the column
-     * that contains the parsed input.
-     */
-    private final StringProperty parsed;
-    /**
-     * The property used for displaying the column
-     * that contains the program output.
-     */
-    private final StringProperty output;
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a new history model with the given variables.
-     *
-     * @param input  the user input
-     * @param parsed the parsed input
-     * @param output the program output.
-     */
-    public HistoryModel(String input, String parsed, String output) {
-        this.input = new SimpleStringProperty();
-        this.parsed = new SimpleStringProperty();
-        this.output = new SimpleStringProperty();
-        this.input.setValue(input);
-        this.parsed.setValue(parsed);
-        this.output.setValue(output);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the input property.
-     *
-     * @return the input property.
-     */
-    public StringProperty inputProperty() {
-        return input;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the input.
-     *
-     * @return the input.
-     */
-    public String getInput() {
-        return input.get();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the parsed input property.
-     *
-     * @return the parsed input property.
-     */
-    public StringProperty parsedProperty() {
-        return parsed;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the parsed input.
-     *
-     * @return the parsed input.
-     */
-    public String getParsed() {
-        return parsed.get();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the output property.
-     *
-     * @return the output property.
-     */
-    public StringProperty outputProperty() {
-        return output;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the program output.
-     *
-     * @return the output.
-     */
-    public String getOutput() {
-        return output.get();
-    }
-
-}

src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/fx/ToggleablePlugin.java

@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-package org.nwapw.abacus.fx;
-
-import javafx.beans.property.BooleanProperty;
-import javafx.beans.property.SimpleBooleanProperty;
-
-/**
- * Class that represents an entry in the plugin check box list.
- * The changes from this property are written to the config on application.
- */
-public class ToggleablePlugin {
-
-    /**
-     * The property that determines whether the plugin will be enabled.
-     */
-    private final BooleanProperty enabled;
-    /**
-     * The name of the class this entry toggles.
-     */
-    private final String className;
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a new toggleable plugin with the given properties.
-     *
-     * @param enabled   the enabled / disabled state at the beginning.
-     * @param className the name of the class this plugin toggles.
-     */
-    public ToggleablePlugin(boolean enabled, String className) {
-        this.enabled = new SimpleBooleanProperty();
-        this.enabled.setValue(enabled);
-        this.className = className;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the enabled property of this plugin.
-     *
-     * @return the enabled property.
-     */
-    public BooleanProperty enabledProperty() {
-        return enabled;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Checks if this plugin entry should be enabled.
-     *
-     * @return whether this plugin will be enabled.
-     */
-    public boolean isEnabled() {
-        return enabled.get();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the class name this plugin toggles.
-     *
-     * @return the class name that should be disabled.
-     */
-    public String getClassName() {
-        return className;
-    }
-
-}

src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/plugin/StandardPlugin.java

@@ -1,563 +0,0 @@
-package org.nwapw.abacus.plugin;
-
-import org.nwapw.abacus.function.Function;
-import org.nwapw.abacus.function.Operator;
-import org.nwapw.abacus.function.OperatorAssociativity;
-import org.nwapw.abacus.function.OperatorType;
-import org.nwapw.abacus.number.NaiveNumber;
-import org.nwapw.abacus.number.NumberInterface;
-import org.nwapw.abacus.number.PreciseNumber;
-
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.HashMap;
-import java.util.function.BiFunction;
-
-/**
- * The plugin providing standard functions such as addition and subtraction to
- * the calculator.
- */
-public class StandardPlugin extends Plugin {
-
-    /**
-     * The addition operator, +
-     */
-    public static final Operator OP_ADD = new Operator(OperatorAssociativity.LEFT, OperatorType.BINARY_INFIX, 0, new Function() {
-        @Override
-        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params.length >= 1;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            NumberInterface sum = params[0];
-            for (int i = 1; i < params.length; i++) {
-                sum = sum.add(params[i]);
-            }
-            return sum;
-        }
-    });
-    /**
-     * The subtraction operator, -
-     */
-    public static final Operator OP_SUBTRACT = new Operator(OperatorAssociativity.LEFT, OperatorType.BINARY_INFIX, 0, new Function() {
-        @Override
-        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params.length == 2;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params[0].subtract(params[1]);
-
-        }
-    });
-    /**
-     * The negation operator, -
-     */
-    public static final Operator OP_NEGATE = new Operator(OperatorAssociativity.LEFT, OperatorType.UNARY_PREFIX, 0, new Function() {
-        @Override
-        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params.length == 1;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params[0].negate();
-        }
-    });
-    /**
-     * The multiplication operator, *
-     */
-    public static final Operator OP_MULTIPLY = new Operator(OperatorAssociativity.LEFT, OperatorType.BINARY_INFIX, 1, new Function() {
-        @Override
-        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params.length >= 1;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            NumberInterface product = params[0];
-            for (int i = 1; i < params.length; i++) {
-                product = product.multiply(params[i]);
-            }
-            return product;
-        }
-    });
-    /**
-     * The division operator, /
-     */
-    public static final Operator OP_DIVIDE = new Operator(OperatorAssociativity.LEFT, OperatorType.BINARY_INFIX, 1, new Function() {
-        @Override
-        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params.length == 2 && params[1].compareTo(NaiveNumber.ZERO.promoteTo(params[1].getClass())) != 0;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params[0].divide(params[1]);
-        }
-    });
-    /**
-     * The factorial operator, !
-     */
-    public static final Operator OP_FACTORIAL = new Operator(OperatorAssociativity.RIGHT, OperatorType.UNARY_POSTFIX, 0, new Function() {
-        //private HashMap<Class<? extends NumberInterface>, ArrayList<NumberInterface>> storedList = new HashMap<Class<? extends NumberInterface>, ArrayList<NumberInterface>>();
-        @Override
-        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params.length == 1
-                    && params[0].fractionalPart().compareTo(NaiveNumber.ZERO.promoteTo(params[0].getClass())) == 0
-                    && params[0].signum() >= 0;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            if (params[0].signum() == 0) {
-                return (new NaiveNumber(1)).promoteTo(params[0].getClass());
-            }
-            NumberInterface factorial = params[0];
-            NumberInterface multiplier = params[0];
-            //It is necessary to later prevent calls of factorial on anything but non-negative integers.
-            while ((multiplier = multiplier.subtract(NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(multiplier.getClass()))).signum() == 1) {
-                factorial = factorial.multiply(multiplier);
-            }
-            return factorial;
-                /*if(!storedList.containsKey(params[0].getClass())){
-                    storedList.put(params[0].getClass(), new ArrayList<NumberInterface>());
-                    storedList.get(params[0].getClass()).add(NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(params[0].getClass()));
-                    storedList.get(params[0].getClass()).add(NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(params[0].getClass()));
-                }*/
-        }
-    });
-    /**
-     * The absolute value function, abs(-3) = 3
-     */
-    public static final Function FUNCTION_ABS = new Function() {
-        @Override
-        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params.length == 1;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params[0].multiply((new NaiveNumber(params[0].signum())).promoteTo(params[0].getClass()));
-        }
-    };
-    /**
-     * The natural log function.
-     */
-    public static final Function FUNCTION_LN = new Function() {
-        @Override
-        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params.length == 1 && params[0].compareTo(NaiveNumber.ZERO.promoteTo(params[0].getClass())) > 0;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            NumberInterface param = params[0];
-            int powersOf2 = 0;
-            while (FUNCTION_ABS.apply(param.subtract(NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(param.getClass()))).compareTo(new NaiveNumber(0.1).promoteTo(param.getClass())) >= 0) {
-                if (param.subtract(NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(param.getClass())).signum() == 1) {
-                    param = param.divide(new NaiveNumber(2).promoteTo(param.getClass()));
-                    powersOf2++;
-                    if (param.subtract(NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(param.getClass())).signum() != 1) {
-                        break;
-                        //No infinite loop for you.
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    param = param.multiply(new NaiveNumber(2).promoteTo(param.getClass()));
-                    powersOf2--;
-                    if (param.subtract(NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(param.getClass())).signum() != -1) {
-                        break;
-                        //No infinite loop for you.
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            return getLog2(param).multiply((new NaiveNumber(powersOf2)).promoteTo(param.getClass())).add(getLogPartialSum(param));
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Returns the partial sum of the Taylor series for logx (around x=1).
-         * Automatically determines the number of terms needed based on the precision of x.
-         * @param x value at which the series is evaluated. 0 < x < 2. (x=2 is convergent but impractical.)
-         * @return the partial sum.
-         */
-        private NumberInterface getLogPartialSum(NumberInterface x) {
-
-            NumberInterface maxError = getMaxError(x);
-            x = x.subtract(NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(x.getClass())); //Terms used are for log(x+1).
-            NumberInterface currentNumerator = x, currentTerm = x, sum = x;
-            int n = 1;
-            while (FUNCTION_ABS.apply(currentTerm).compareTo(maxError) > 0) {
-                n++;
-                currentNumerator = currentNumerator.multiply(x).negate();
-                currentTerm = currentNumerator.divide(new NaiveNumber(n).promoteTo(x.getClass()));
-                sum = sum.add(currentTerm);
-            }
-            return sum;
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Returns natural log of 2 to the required precision of the class of number.
-         * @param number a number of the same type as the return type. (Used for precision.)
-         * @return the value of log(2) with the appropriate precision.
-         */
-        private NumberInterface getLog2(NumberInterface number) {
-            NumberInterface maxError = getMaxError(number);
-            //NumberInterface errorBound = (new NaiveNumber(1)).promoteTo(number.getClass());
-            //We'll use the series \sigma_{n >= 1) ((1/3^n + 1/4^n) * 1/n)
-            //In the following, a=1/3^n, b=1/4^n, c = 1/n.
-            //a is also an error bound.
-            NumberInterface a = (new NaiveNumber(1)).promoteTo(number.getClass()), b = a, c = a;
-            NumberInterface sum = NaiveNumber.ZERO.promoteTo(number.getClass());
-            int n = 0;
-            while (a.compareTo(maxError) >= 1) {
-                n++;
-                a = a.divide((new NaiveNumber(3)).promoteTo(number.getClass()));
-                b = b.divide((new NaiveNumber(4)).promoteTo(number.getClass()));
-                c = NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(number.getClass()).divide((new NaiveNumber(n)).promoteTo(number.getClass()));
-                sum = sum.add(a.add(b).multiply(c));
-            }
-            return sum;
-        }
-    };
-    /**
-     * The square root function.
-     */
-    public static final Function FUNCTION_SQRT = new Function() {
-        @Override
-        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params.length == 1;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return OP_CARET.getFunction().apply(params[0], ((new NaiveNumber(0.5)).promoteTo(params[0].getClass())));
-        }
-    };
-    /**
-     * The implementation for double-based naive numbers.
-     */
-    public static final NumberImplementation IMPLEMENTATION_NAIVE = new NumberImplementation(NaiveNumber.class, 0) {
-        @Override
-        public NumberInterface instanceForString(String string) {
-            return new NaiveNumber(string);
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public NumberInterface instanceForPi() {
-            return new NaiveNumber(Math.PI);
-        }
-    };
-    /**
-     * The implementation for the infinite-precision BigDecimal.
-     */
-    public static final NumberImplementation IMPLEMENTATION_PRECISE = new NumberImplementation(PreciseNumber.class, 0) {
-        @Override
-        public NumberInterface instanceForString(String string) {
-            return new PreciseNumber(string);
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public NumberInterface instanceForPi() {
-            NumberInterface C = FUNCTION_SQRT.apply(new PreciseNumber("10005")).multiply(new PreciseNumber("426880"));
-            NumberInterface M = PreciseNumber.ONE;
-            NumberInterface L = new PreciseNumber("13591409");
-            NumberInterface X = M;
-            NumberInterface sum = L;
-            int termsNeeded = C.getMaxPrecision() / 13 + 1;
-
-            NumberInterface lSummand = new PreciseNumber("545140134");
-            NumberInterface xMultiplier = new PreciseNumber("262537412")
-                    .multiply(new PreciseNumber("1000000000"))
-                    .add(new PreciseNumber("640768000"))
-                    .negate();
-            for (int i = 0; i < termsNeeded; i++) {
-                M = M
-                        .multiply(new NaiveNumber(12 * i + 2).promoteTo(PreciseNumber.class))
-                        .multiply(new NaiveNumber(12 * i + 6).promoteTo(PreciseNumber.class))
-                        .multiply(new NaiveNumber(12 * i + 10).promoteTo(PreciseNumber.class))
-                        .divide(new NaiveNumber(Math.pow(i + 1, 3)).promoteTo(PreciseNumber.class));
-                L = L.add(lSummand);
-                X = X.multiply(xMultiplier);
-                sum = sum.add(M.multiply(L).divide(X));
-            }
-            return C.divide(sum);
-        }
-    };
-    private static final HashMap<Class<? extends NumberInterface>, ArrayList<NumberInterface>> FACTORIAL_LISTS = new HashMap<>();
-    /**
-     * The exponential function, exp(1) = e^1 = 2.71...
-     */
-    public static final Function FUNCTION_EXP = new Function() {
-        @Override
-        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params.length == 1;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            NumberInterface maxError = getMaxError(params[0]);
-            int n = 0;
-            if (params[0].signum() <= 0) {
-                NumberInterface currentTerm = NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(params[0].getClass()), sum = currentTerm;
-                while (FUNCTION_ABS.apply(currentTerm).compareTo(maxError) > 0) {
-                    n++;
-                    currentTerm = currentTerm.multiply(params[0]).divide((new NaiveNumber(n)).promoteTo(params[0].getClass()));
-                    sum = sum.add(currentTerm);
-                }
-                return sum;
-            } else {
-                //We need n such that x^(n+1) * 3^ceil(x) <= maxError * (n+1)!.
-                //right and left refer to lhs and rhs in the above inequality.
-                NumberInterface sum = NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(params[0].getClass());
-                NumberInterface nextNumerator = params[0];
-                NumberInterface left = params[0].multiply((new NaiveNumber(3)).promoteTo(params[0].getClass()).intPow(params[0].ceiling().intValue())), right = maxError;
-                do {
-                    sum = sum.add(nextNumerator.divide(factorial(params[0].getClass(), n + 1)));
-                    n++;
-                    nextNumerator = nextNumerator.multiply(params[0]);
-                    left = left.multiply(params[0]);
-                    NumberInterface nextN = (new NaiveNumber(n + 1)).promoteTo(params[0].getClass());
-                    right = right.multiply(nextN);
-                    //System.out.println(left + ", " + right);
-                }
-                while (left.compareTo(right) > 0);
-                //System.out.println(n+1);
-                return sum;
-            }
-        }
-    };
-    /**
-     * The caret / pow operator, ^
-     */
-    public static final Operator OP_CARET = new Operator(OperatorAssociativity.RIGHT, OperatorType.BINARY_INFIX, 2, new Function() {
-        @Override
-        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params.length == 2
-                    && !(params[0].compareTo(NaiveNumber.ZERO.promoteTo(params[0].getClass())) == 0
-                    && params[1].compareTo(NaiveNumber.ZERO.promoteTo(params[1].getClass())) == 0);
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            if (params[0].compareTo(NaiveNumber.ZERO.promoteTo(params[0].getClass())) == 0)
-                return NaiveNumber.ZERO.promoteTo(params[0].getClass());
-            else if (params[1].compareTo(NaiveNumber.ZERO.promoteTo(params[0].getClass())) == 0)
-                return NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(params[1].getClass());
-            return FUNCTION_EXP.apply(FUNCTION_LN.apply(FUNCTION_ABS.apply(params[0])).multiply(params[1]));
-        }
-    });
-    /**
-     * The sine function (the argument is interpreted in radians).
-     */
-    public final Function functionSin = new Function() {
-        @Override
-        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params.length == 1;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            NumberInterface pi = getPi(params[0].getClass());
-            NumberInterface twoPi = pi.multiply(new NaiveNumber(2).promoteTo(pi.getClass()));
-            NumberInterface theta = getSmallAngle(params[0], pi);
-            //System.out.println(theta);
-            if (theta.compareTo(pi.multiply(new NaiveNumber(1.5).promoteTo(twoPi.getClass()))) >= 0) {
-                theta = theta.subtract(twoPi);
-            } else if (theta.compareTo(pi.divide(new NaiveNumber(2).promoteTo(pi.getClass()))) > 0) {
-                theta = pi.subtract(theta);
-            }
-            //System.out.println(theta);
-            return sinTaylor(theta);
-        }
-    };
-    /**
-     * The cosine function (the argument is in radians).
-     */
-    public final Function functionCos = new Function() {
-        @Override
-        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params.length == 1;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return functionSin.apply(getPi(params[0].getClass()).divide(new NaiveNumber(2).promoteTo(params[0].getClass()))
-                    .subtract(params[0]));
-        }
-    };
-    /**
-     * The tangent function (the argument is in radians).
-     */
-    public final Function functionTan = new Function() {
-        @Override
-        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params.length == 1;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return functionSin.apply(params[0]).divide(functionCos.apply(params[0]));
-        }
-    };
-    /**
-     * The secant function (the argument is in radians).
-     */
-    public final Function functionSec = new Function() {
-        @Override
-        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params.length == 1;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(params[0].getClass()).divide(functionCos.apply(params[0]));
-        }
-    };
-    /**
-     * The cosecant function (the argument is in radians).
-     */
-    public final Function functionCsc = new Function() {
-        @Override
-        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params.length == 1;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(params[0].getClass()).divide(functionSin.apply(params[0]));
-        }
-    };
-    /**
-     * The cotangent function (the argument is in radians).
-     */
-    public final Function functionCot = new Function() {
-        @Override
-        protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return params.length == 1;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
-            return functionCos.apply(params[0]).divide(functionCos.apply(params[0]));
-        }
-    };
-
-    public StandardPlugin(PluginManager manager) {
-        super(manager);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Returns a partial sum of a series whose terms are given by the nthTermFunction, evaluated at x.
-     *
-     * @param x               the value at which the series is evaluated.
-     * @param nthTermFunction the function that returns the nth term of the series, in the format term(x, n).
-     * @param n               the number of terms in the partial sum.
-     * @return the value of the partial sum that has the same class as x.
-     */
-    private static NumberInterface sumSeries(NumberInterface x, BiFunction<Integer, NumberInterface, NumberInterface> nthTermFunction, int n) {
-        NumberInterface sum = NaiveNumber.ZERO.promoteTo(x.getClass());
-        for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
-            sum = sum.add(nthTermFunction.apply(i, x));
-        }
-        return sum;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Returns the maximum error based on the precision of the class of number.
-     *
-     * @param number Any instance of the NumberInterface in question (should return an appropriate precision).
-     * @return the maximum error.
-     */
-    private static NumberInterface getMaxError(NumberInterface number) {
-        return (new NaiveNumber(10)).promoteTo(number.getClass()).intPow(-number.getMaxPrecision());
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * A factorial function that uses memoization for each number class; it efficiently
-     * computes factorials of non-negative integers.
-     *
-     * @param numberClass type of number to return.
-     * @param n           non-negative integer.
-     * @return a number of numClass with value n factorial.
-     */
-    public static NumberInterface factorial(Class<? extends NumberInterface> numberClass, int n) {
-        if (!FACTORIAL_LISTS.containsKey(numberClass)) {
-            FACTORIAL_LISTS.put(numberClass, new ArrayList<>());
-            FACTORIAL_LISTS.get(numberClass).add(NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(numberClass));
-            FACTORIAL_LISTS.get(numberClass).add(NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(numberClass));
-        }
-        ArrayList<NumberInterface> list = FACTORIAL_LISTS.get(numberClass);
-        if (n >= list.size()) {
-            while (list.size() < n + 16) {
-                list.add(list.get(list.size() - 1).multiply(new NaiveNumber(list.size()).promoteTo(numberClass)));
-            }
-        }
-        return list.get(n);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Returns the value of the Taylor series for sin (centered at 0) at x.
-     *
-     * @param x where the series is evaluated.
-     * @return the value of the series
-     */
-    private static NumberInterface sinTaylor(NumberInterface x) {
-        NumberInterface power = x, multiplier = x.multiply(x).negate(), currentTerm = x, sum = x;
-        NumberInterface maxError = getMaxError(x);
-        int n = 1;
-        do {
-            n += 2;
-            power = power.multiply(multiplier);
-            currentTerm = power.divide(factorial(x.getClass(), n));
-            sum = sum.add(currentTerm);
-        } while (FUNCTION_ABS.apply(currentTerm).compareTo(maxError) > 0);
-        return sum;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Returns an equivalent angle in the interval [0, 2pi)
-     *
-     * @param phi an angle (in radians).
-     * @return theta in [0, 2pi) that differs from phi by a multiple of 2pi.
-     */
-    private static NumberInterface getSmallAngle(NumberInterface phi, NumberInterface pi) {
-        NumberInterface twoPi = pi.multiply(new NaiveNumber("2").promoteTo(phi.getClass()));
-        NumberInterface theta = FUNCTION_ABS.apply(phi).subtract(twoPi
-                .multiply(FUNCTION_ABS.apply(phi).divide(twoPi).floor())); //Now theta is in [0, 2pi).
-        if (phi.signum() < 0) {
-            theta = twoPi.subtract(theta);
-        }
-        return theta;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void onEnable() {
-        registerNumberImplementation("naive", IMPLEMENTATION_NAIVE);
-        registerNumberImplementation("precise", IMPLEMENTATION_PRECISE);
-
-        registerOperator("+", OP_ADD);
-        registerOperator("-", OP_SUBTRACT);
-        registerOperator("`", OP_NEGATE);
-        registerOperator("*", OP_MULTIPLY);
-        registerOperator("/", OP_DIVIDE);
-        registerOperator("^", OP_CARET);
-        registerOperator("!", OP_FACTORIAL);
-
-        registerFunction("abs", FUNCTION_ABS);
-        registerFunction("exp", FUNCTION_EXP);
-        registerFunction("ln", FUNCTION_LN);
-        registerFunction("sqrt", FUNCTION_SQRT);
-        registerFunction("sin", functionSin);
-        registerFunction("cos", functionCos);
-        registerFunction("tan", functionTan);
-        registerFunction("sec", functionSec);
-        registerFunction("csc", functionCsc);
-        registerFunction("cot", functionCot);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void onDisable() {
-
-    }
-}

src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/BinaryNode.java

@@ -1,108 +0,0 @@
-package org.nwapw.abacus.tree;
-
-/**
- * A tree node that represents an operation being applied to two operands.
- */
-public class BinaryNode extends TreeNode {
-
-    /**
-     * The operation being applied.
-     */
-    private String operation;
-    /**
-     * The left node of the operation.
-     */
-    private TreeNode left;
-    /**
-     * The right node of the operation.
-     */
-    private TreeNode right;
-
-    private BinaryNode() {
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a new operation node with the given operation
-     * and no child nodes.
-     *
-     * @param operation the operation.
-     */
-    public BinaryNode(String operation) {
-        this(operation, null, null);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a new operation node with the given operation
-     * and child nodes.
-     *
-     * @param operation the operation.
-     * @param left      the left node of the expression.
-     * @param right     the right node of the expression.
-     */
-    public BinaryNode(String operation, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
-        this.operation = operation;
-        this.left = left;
-        this.right = right;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the operation in this node.
-     *
-     * @return the operation in this node.
-     */
-    public String getOperation() {
-        return operation;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the left sub-expression of this node.
-     *
-     * @return the left node.
-     */
-    public TreeNode getLeft() {
-        return left;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Sets the left sub-expression of this node.
-     *
-     * @param left the sub-expression to apply.
-     */
-    public void setLeft(TreeNode left) {
-        this.left = left;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the right sub-expression of this node.
-     *
-     * @return the right node.
-     */
-    public TreeNode getRight() {
-        return right;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Sets the right sub-expression of this node.
-     *
-     * @param right the sub-expression to apply.
-     */
-    public void setRight(TreeNode right) {
-        this.right = right;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public <T> T reduce(Reducer<T> reducer) {
-        T leftReduce = left.reduce(reducer);
-        T rightReduce = right.reduce(reducer);
-        if (leftReduce == null || rightReduce == null) return null;
-        return reducer.reduceNode(this, leftReduce, rightReduce);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String toString() {
-        String leftString = left != null ? left.toString() : "null";
-        String rightString = right != null ? right.toString() : "null";
-
-        return "(" + leftString + operation + rightString + ")";
-    }
-}

src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/FunctionNode.java

@@ -1,85 +0,0 @@
-package org.nwapw.abacus.tree;
-
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.List;
-
-/**
- * A node that represents a function call.
- */
-public class FunctionNode extends TreeNode {
-
-    /**
-     * The name of the function being called
-     */
-    private String function;
-    /**
-     * The list of arguments to the function.
-     */
-    private List<TreeNode> children;
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a function node with no function.
-     */
-    private FunctionNode() {
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a new function node with the given function name.
-     *
-     * @param function the function name.
-     */
-    public FunctionNode(String function) {
-        this.function = function;
-        children = new ArrayList<>();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the function name for this node.
-     *
-     * @return the function name.
-     */
-    public String getFunction() {
-        return function;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Adds a child to the end of this node's child list.
-     *
-     * @param node the child to add.
-     */
-    public void appendChild(TreeNode node) {
-        children.add(node);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Adds a new child to the beginning of this node's child list.
-     *
-     * @param node the node to add.
-     */
-    public void prependChild(TreeNode node) {
-        children.add(0, node);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public <T> T reduce(Reducer<T> reducer) {
-        Object[] reducedChildren = new Object[children.size()];
-        for (int i = 0; i < reducedChildren.length; i++) {
-            reducedChildren[i] = children.get(i).reduce(reducer);
-            if (reducedChildren[i] == null) return null;
-        }
-        return reducer.reduceNode(this, reducedChildren);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String toString() {
-        StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();
-        buffer.append(function);
-        buffer.append("(");
-        for (int i = 0; i < children.size(); i++) {
-            buffer.append(children.get(i));
-            buffer.append(i == children.size() - 1 ? "" : ", ");
-        }
-        buffer.append(")");
-        return buffer.toString();
-    }
-}

src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/NumberNode.java

@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
-package org.nwapw.abacus.tree;
-
-import org.nwapw.abacus.number.NumberInterface;
-
-/**
- * A node implementation that represents a single number.
- */
-public class NumberNode extends TreeNode {
-
-    /**
-     * The number that is represented by this number node.
-     */
-    private NumberInterface number;
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a number node with no number.
-     */
-    public NumberNode() {
-        number = null;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a new number node with the given double value.
-     *
-     * @param newNumber the number for which to create a number node.
-     */
-    public NumberNode(NumberInterface newNumber) {
-        this.number = newNumber;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the number value of this node.
-     *
-     * @return the number value of this node.
-     */
-    public NumberInterface getNumber() {
-        return number;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public <T> T reduce(Reducer<T> reducer) {
-        return reducer.reduceNode(this);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String toString() {
-        return number != null ? number.toString() : "null";
-    }
-}

src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/Reducer.java

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-package org.nwapw.abacus.tree;
-
-/**
- * Interface used to reduce a tree into a single value.
- *
- * @param <T> the value to reduce into.
- */
-public interface Reducer<T> {
-
-    /**
-     * Reduces the given tree into a single value of type T.
-     *
-     * @param node     the node being passed in to be reduced.
-     * @param children the already-reduced children of this node.
-     * @return the resulting value from the reduce.
-     */
-    public T reduceNode(TreeNode node, Object... children);
-
-}

src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/TreeNode.java

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-package org.nwapw.abacus.tree;
-
-/**
- * An abstract class that represents an expression tree node.
- */
-public abstract class TreeNode {
-
-    /**
-     * The function that reduces a tree to a single vale.
-     *
-     * @param reducer the reducer used to reduce the tree.
-     * @param <T>     the type the reducer produces.
-     * @return the result of the reduction, or null on error.
-     */
-    public abstract <T> T reduce(Reducer<T> reducer);
-
-}

src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/UnaryNode.java

@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
-package org.nwapw.abacus.tree;
-
-public class UnaryNode extends TreeNode {
-
-    /**
-     * The operation this node will apply.
-     */
-    private String operation;
-    /**
-     * The tree node to apply the operation to.
-     */
-    private TreeNode applyTo;
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a new node with the given operation and no child.
-     *
-     * @param operation the operation for this node.
-     */
-    public UnaryNode(String operation) {
-        this(operation, null);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a new node with the given operation and child.
-     *
-     * @param operation the operation for this node.
-     * @param applyTo   the node to apply the function to.
-     */
-    public UnaryNode(String operation, TreeNode applyTo) {
-        this.operation = operation;
-        this.applyTo = applyTo;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public <T> T reduce(Reducer<T> reducer) {
-        Object reducedChild = applyTo.reduce(reducer);
-        if (reducedChild == null) return null;
-        return reducer.reduceNode(this, reducedChild);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the operation of this node.
-     *
-     * @return the operation this node performs.
-     */
-    public String getOperation() {
-        return operation;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the node to which this node's operation applies.
-     *
-     * @return the tree node to which the operation will be applied.
-     */
-    public TreeNode getApplyTo() {
-        return applyTo;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String toString() {
-        return "(" + (applyTo == null ? "null" : applyTo.toString()) + ")" + operation;
-    }
-}

src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/window/HistoryTableModel.java

@@ -1,106 +0,0 @@
-package org.nwapw.abacus.window;
-
-import org.nwapw.abacus.tree.TreeNode;
-
-import javax.swing.table.AbstractTableModel;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.List;
-
-/**
- * A table model to store data about the history of inputs
- * in the calculator.
- */
-public class HistoryTableModel extends AbstractTableModel {
-
-    /**
-     * Static array used to get the column names.
-     */
-    public static final String[] COLUMN_NAMES = {
-            "Input",
-            "Parsed Input",
-            "Output"
-    };
-
-    /**
-     * Static array used to get the class of each column.
-     */
-    public static final Class[] CLASS_TYPES = {
-            String.class,
-            TreeNode.class,
-            String.class
-    };
-    /**
-     * The list of entries.
-     */
-    List<HistoryEntry> entries;
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a new empty history table model
-     */
-    public HistoryTableModel() {
-        entries = new ArrayList<>();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Adds an entry to the model.
-     *
-     * @param entry the entry to add.
-     */
-    public void addEntry(HistoryEntry entry) {
-        entries.add(entry);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int getRowCount() {
-        return entries.size();
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int getColumnCount() {
-        return 3;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String getColumnName(int columnIndex) {
-        return COLUMN_NAMES[columnIndex];
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Class<?> getColumnClass(int columnIndex) {
-        return CLASS_TYPES[columnIndex];
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public boolean isCellEditable(int rowIndex, int columnIndex) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Object getValueAt(int rowIndex, int columnIndex) {
-        return entries.get(rowIndex).nthValue(columnIndex);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Class used specifically to hold data about
-     * the previous entries into the calculator.
-     */
-    public static class HistoryEntry {
-        public String input;
-        public TreeNode parsedInput;
-        public String output;
-
-        public HistoryEntry(String input, TreeNode parsedInput, String output) {
-            this.input = input;
-            this.parsedInput = parsedInput;
-            this.output = output;
-        }
-
-        Object nthValue(int n) {
-            if (n == 0) return input;
-            if (n == 1) return parsedInput;
-            if (n == 2) return output;
-            return null;
-        }
-    }
-
-}

src/main/java/org/nwapw/abacus/window/Window.java

@@ -1,255 +0,0 @@
-package org.nwapw.abacus.window;
-
-import org.nwapw.abacus.Abacus;
-import org.nwapw.abacus.number.NumberInterface;
-import org.nwapw.abacus.tree.TreeNode;
-
-import javax.swing.*;
-import java.awt.*;
-import java.awt.datatransfer.StringSelection;
-import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
-import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
-import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
-
-/**
- * The main UI window for the calculator.
- */
-public class Window extends JFrame {
-
-    private static final String CALC_STRING = "Calculate";
-    private static final String SYNTAX_ERR_STRING = "Syntax Error";
-    private static final String EVAL_ERR_STRING = "Evaluation Error";
-    private static final String NUMBER_SYSTEM_LABEL = "Number Type:";
-    private static final String FUNCTION_LABEL = "Functions:";
-
-    /**
-     * Array of Strings to which the "calculate" button's text
-     * changes. For instance, in the graph tab, the name will
-     * be "Graph" and not "Calculate".
-     */
-    private static final String[] BUTTON_NAMES = {
-            CALC_STRING,
-            CALC_STRING
-    };
-
-    /**
-     * Array of booleans that determine whether the input
-     * field and the input button are enabled at a particular
-     * index.
-     */
-    private static boolean[] INPUT_ENABLED = {
-            true,
-            false
-    };
-
-    /**
-     * The instance of the Abacus class, used
-     * for interaction with plugins and configuration.
-     */
-    private Abacus abacus;
-    /**
-     * The last output by the calculator.
-     */
-    private String lastOutput;
-
-    /**
-     * The tabbed pane that separates calculator contexts.
-     */
-    private JTabbedPane pane;
-
-    /**
-     * The panel where the output occurs.
-     */
-    private JPanel calculationPanel;
-    /**
-     * The text area reserved for the last output.
-     */
-    private JTextArea lastOutputArea;
-    /**
-     * The table used for storing history results.
-     */
-    private JTable historyTable;
-    /**
-     * The table model used for managing history.
-     */
-    private HistoryTableModel historyModel;
-    /**
-     * The scroll pane for the history area.
-     */
-    private JScrollPane historyScroll;
-
-    /**
-     * The panel where the input occurs.
-     */
-    private JPanel inputPanel;
-    /**
-     * The input text field.
-     */
-    private JTextField inputField;
-    /**
-     * The "submit" button.
-     */
-    private JButton inputEnterButton;
-
-    /**
-     * The side panel for separate configuration.
-     */
-    private JPanel settingsPanel;
-    /**
-     * Panel for elements relating to number
-     * system selection.
-     */
-    private JPanel numberSystemPanel;
-    /**
-     * The possible list of number systems.
-     */
-    private JComboBox<String> numberSystemList;
-    /**
-     * The panel for elements relating to
-     * function selection.
-     */
-    private JPanel functionSelectPanel;
-    /**
-     * The list of functions available to the user.
-     */
-    private JComboBox<String> functionList;
-
-    /**
-     * Action listener that causes the input to be evaluated.
-     */
-    private ActionListener evaluateListener = (event) -> {
-        TreeNode parsedExpression = abacus.parseString(inputField.getText());
-        if (parsedExpression == null) {
-            lastOutputArea.setText(SYNTAX_ERR_STRING);
-            return;
-        }
-        NumberInterface numberInterface = abacus.evaluateTree(parsedExpression);
-        if (numberInterface == null) {
-            lastOutputArea.setText(EVAL_ERR_STRING);
-            return;
-        }
-        lastOutput = numberInterface.toString();
-        historyModel.addEntry(new HistoryTableModel.HistoryEntry(inputField.getText(), parsedExpression, lastOutput));
-        historyTable.invalidate();
-        lastOutputArea.setText(lastOutput);
-        inputField.setText("");
-    };
-
-    /**
-     * Array of listeners that tell the input button how to behave
-     * at a given input tab.
-     */
-    private ActionListener[] listeners = {
-            evaluateListener,
-            null
-    };
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a new window with the given manager.
-     *
-     * @param abacus the calculator instance to interact with other components.
-     */
-    public Window(Abacus abacus) {
-        this();
-        this.abacus = abacus;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a new window.
-     */
-    private Window() {
-        super();
-
-        lastOutput = "";
-
-        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
-        setSize(320, 480);
-
-        inputField = new JTextField();
-        inputEnterButton = new JButton(CALC_STRING);
-
-        inputPanel = new JPanel();
-        inputPanel.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
-        inputPanel.add(inputField, BorderLayout.CENTER);
-        inputPanel.add(inputEnterButton, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
-
-        historyModel = new HistoryTableModel();
-        historyTable = new JTable(historyModel);
-        historyScroll = new JScrollPane(historyTable);
-        lastOutputArea = new JTextArea(lastOutput);
-        lastOutputArea.setEditable(false);
-
-        calculationPanel = new JPanel();
-        calculationPanel.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
-        calculationPanel.add(historyScroll, BorderLayout.CENTER);
-        calculationPanel.add(lastOutputArea, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
-
-        numberSystemList = new JComboBox<>();
-
-        numberSystemPanel = new JPanel();
-        numberSystemPanel.setAlignmentX(Component.LEFT_ALIGNMENT);
-        numberSystemPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
-        numberSystemPanel.add(new JLabel(NUMBER_SYSTEM_LABEL));
-        numberSystemPanel.add(numberSystemList);
-        numberSystemPanel.setMaximumSize(numberSystemPanel.getPreferredSize());
-
-        functionList = new JComboBox<>();
-
-        functionSelectPanel = new JPanel();
-        functionSelectPanel.setAlignmentX(Component.LEFT_ALIGNMENT);
-        functionSelectPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
-        functionSelectPanel.add(new JLabel(FUNCTION_LABEL));
-        functionSelectPanel.add(functionList);
-        functionSelectPanel.setMaximumSize(functionSelectPanel.getPreferredSize());
-
-        settingsPanel = new JPanel();
-        settingsPanel.setAlignmentX(Component.LEFT_ALIGNMENT);
-        settingsPanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(settingsPanel, BoxLayout.PAGE_AXIS));
-        settingsPanel.add(numberSystemPanel);
-        settingsPanel.add(functionSelectPanel);
-
-        pane = new JTabbedPane();
-        pane.add("Calculator", calculationPanel);
-        pane.add("Settings", settingsPanel);
-        pane.addChangeListener(e -> {
-            int selectionIndex = pane.getSelectedIndex();
-            boolean enabled = INPUT_ENABLED[selectionIndex];
-            ActionListener listener = listeners[selectionIndex];
-            inputEnterButton.setText(BUTTON_NAMES[selectionIndex]);
-            inputField.setEnabled(enabled);
-            inputEnterButton.setEnabled(enabled);
-
-            for (ActionListener removingListener : inputEnterButton.getActionListeners()) {
-                inputEnterButton.removeActionListener(removingListener);
-                inputField.removeActionListener(removingListener);
-            }
-            if (listener != null) {
-                inputEnterButton.addActionListener(listener);
-                inputField.addActionListener(listener);
-            }
-        });
-        add(pane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
-        add(inputPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
-
-        inputEnterButton.addActionListener(evaluateListener);
-        inputField.addActionListener(evaluateListener);
-        historyTable.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
-            @Override
-            public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
-                Point clickPoint = e.getPoint();
-                if (e.getClickCount() == 2) {
-                    int row = historyTable.rowAtPoint(clickPoint);
-                    int column = historyTable.columnAtPoint(clickPoint);
-                    String toCopy = historyTable.getValueAt(row, column).toString();
-                    Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(new StringSelection(toCopy), null);
-                }
-            }
-        });
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void setVisible(boolean b) {
-        super.setVisible(b);
-        if (b) inputField.requestFocusInWindow();
-    }
-}