Merge branch 'master' into ui-touchup

This should allow for the implementation of toString in child nodes.

RESOURCES.md

@@ -8,3 +8,5 @@
 * Rembulan(5.3) - https://github.com/mjanicek/rembulan
 * LuaJava - https://github.com/jasonsantos/luajava
 * jnlua - https://code.google.com/archive/p/jnlua/ 
+## Gist
+* https://gist.github.com/rileyJones/1c18338821b88e92a477bfa270344db3

src/org/nwapw/abacus/Abacus.java

@@ -1,9 +1,34 @@
 package org.nwapw.abacus;
 
+import org.nwapw.abacus.plugin.PluginManager;
+import org.nwapw.abacus.plugin.StandardPlugin;
+import org.nwapw.abacus.window.Window;
+
+import javax.swing.*;
+
 public class Abacus {
 
+    private Window mainUi;
+    private PluginManager manager;
+
+    public Abacus(){
+        init();
+    }
+
+    private void init() {
+        try {
+            UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
+        } catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException | IllegalAccessException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+        manager = new PluginManager();
+        manager.addInstantiated(new StandardPlugin(manager));
+        mainUi = new Window(manager);
+        mainUi.setVisible(true);
+    }
+
     public static void main(String[] args){
-        System.out.println("Hello world!");
+        new Abacus();
     }
 
 }

src/org/nwapw/abacus/function/Function.java

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.function;
+
+import org.nwapw.abacus.number.NaiveNumber;
+import org.nwapw.abacus.number.NumberInterface;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+
+/**
+ * A function that operates on one or more
+ * inputs and returns a single number.
+ */
+public abstract class Function {
+
+    /**
+     * A map to correctly promote different number implementations to each other.
+     */
+    private static final HashMap<Class<? extends NumberInterface>, Integer> priorityMap =
+            new HashMap<Class<? extends NumberInterface>, Integer>() {{
+                put(NaiveNumber.class, 0);
+            }};
+
+    /**
+     * Checks whether the given params will work for the given function.
+     * @param params the given params
+     * @return true if the params can be used with this function.
+     */
+    protected abstract boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params);
+
+    /**
+     * Internal apply implementation, which already receives appropriately promoted
+     * parameters that have bee run through matchesParams
+     * @param params the promoted parameters.
+     * @return the return value of the function.
+     */
+    protected abstract NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params);
+
+    /**
+     * Function to check, promote arguments and run the function.
+     * @param params the raw input parameters.
+     * @return the return value of the function, or null if an error occurred.
+     */
+    public NumberInterface apply(NumberInterface...params) {
+        if(!matchesParams(params)) return null;
+        return applyInternal(params);
+    }
+
+}

src/org/nwapw/abacus/lexing/Lexer.java

@@ -9,19 +9,42 @@ import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Comparator;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 
+/**
+ * A lexer that can generate tokens of a given type given a list of regular expressions
+ * to operate on.
+ * @param <T> the type used to identify which match belongs to which pattern.
+ */
 public class Lexer<T> {
 
+    /**
+     * The registered patterns.
+     */
     private ArrayList<Pattern<T>> patterns;
 
+    /**
+     * Creates a new lexer with no registered patterns.
+     */
     public Lexer(){
         patterns = new ArrayList<>();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Registers a single pattern.
+     * @param pattern the pattern regex
+     * @param id the ID by which to identify the pattern.
+     */
     public void register(String pattern, T id){
         Pattern<T> compiledPattern = new Pattern<>(pattern, id);
         if(compiledPattern.getHead() != null) patterns.add(compiledPattern);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Reads one token from the given string.
+     * @param from the string to read from
+     * @param startAt the index to start at
+     * @param compare the comparator used to sort tokens by their ID.
+     * @return the best match.
+     */
     public Match<T> lexOne(String from, int startAt, Comparator<T> compare){
         ArrayList<Match<T>> matches = new ArrayList<>();
         HashSet<PatternNode<T>> currentSet = new HashSet<>();
@@ -53,15 +76,23 @@ public class Lexer<T> {
         return matches.isEmpty() ? null : matches.get(matches.size() - 1);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Reads all tokens from a string.
+     * @param from the string to start from.
+     * @param startAt the index to start at.
+     * @param compare the comparator used to sort matches by their IDs.
+     * @return the resulting list of matches, in order, or null on error.
+     */
     public ArrayList<Match<T>> lexAll(String from, int startAt, Comparator<T> compare){
         int index = startAt;
         ArrayList<Match<T>> matches = new ArrayList<>();
         Match<T> lastMatch = null;
-        while((lastMatch = lexOne(from, index, compare)) != null && index < from.length()){
+        while(index < from.length() && (lastMatch = lexOne(from, index, compare)) != null){
             if(lastMatch.getTo() == lastMatch.getFrom()) return null;
             matches.add(lastMatch);
             index += lastMatch.getTo() - lastMatch.getFrom();
         }
+        if(lastMatch == null) return null;
         return matches;
     }
 

src/org/nwapw/abacus/lexing/pattern/AnyNode.java

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 package org.nwapw.abacus.lexing.pattern;
 
+/**
+ * A pattern node that matches any character.
+ * @param <T> the type that's used to tell which pattern this node belongs to.
+ */
 public class AnyNode<T> extends PatternNode<T> {
 
     @Override

src/org/nwapw/abacus/lexing/pattern/EndNode.java

@@ -1,13 +1,28 @@
 package org.nwapw.abacus.lexing.pattern;
 
+/**
+ * A node that represents a successful match.
+ * @param <T> the type that's used to tell which pattern this node belongs to.
+ */
 public class EndNode<T> extends PatternNode<T> {
 
+    /**
+     * The ID of the pattenr that has been matched.
+     */
     private T patternId;
 
+    /**
+     * Creates a new end node with the given ID.
+     * @param patternId the pattern ID.
+     */
     public EndNode(T patternId){
         this.patternId = patternId;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Gets the pattern ID.
+     * @return the pattern ID.
+     */
     public T getPatternId(){
         return patternId;
     }

src/org/nwapw/abacus/lexing/pattern/LinkNode.java

@@ -3,6 +3,10 @@ package org.nwapw.abacus.lexing.pattern;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collection;
 
+/**
+ * A node that is used as structural glue in pattern compilation.
+ * @param <T> the type that's used to tell which pattern this node belongs to.
+ */
 public class LinkNode<T> extends PatternNode<T> {
 
     @Override

src/org/nwapw/abacus/lexing/pattern/Match.java

@@ -1,25 +1,56 @@
 package org.nwapw.abacus.lexing.pattern;
 
+/**
+ * A match that has been generated by the lexer.
+ * @param <T> the type used to represent the ID of the pattern this match belongs to.
+ */
 public class Match<T> {
 
+    /**
+     * The bottom range of the string, inclusive.
+     */
     private int from;
+    /**
+     * The top range of the string, exclusive.
+     */
     private int to;
+    /**
+     * The pattern type this match matched.
+     */
     private T type;
 
+    /**
+     * Creates a new match with the given parameters.
+     * @param from the bottom range of the string.
+     * @param to the top range of the string.
+     * @param type the type of the match.
+     */
     public Match(int from, int to, T type){
         this.from = from;
         this.to = to;
         this.type = type;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Gets the bottom range bound of the string.
+     * @return the bottom range bound of the string.
+     */
     public int getFrom() {
         return from;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Gets the top range bound of the string.
+     * @return the top range bound of the string.
+     */
     public int getTo() {
         return to;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Gets the pattern type of the node.
+     * @return the ID of the pattern that this match matched.
+     */
     public T getType() {
         return type;
     }

src/org/nwapw/abacus/lexing/pattern/Pattern.java

@@ -5,13 +5,33 @@ import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Stack;
 import java.util.function.Function;
 
+/**
+ * A pattern that can be compiled from a string and used in lexing.
+ * @param <T> the type that is used to identify and sort this pattern.
+ */
 public class Pattern<T> {
 
+    /**
+     * The ID of this pattern.
+     */
     private T id;
+    /**
+     * The head of this pattern.
+     */
     private PatternNode<T> head;
+    /**
+     * The source string of this pattern.
+     */
     private String source;
+    /**
+     * The index at which the compilation has stopped.
+     */
     private int index;
 
+    /**
+     * A map of regex operator to functions that modify a PatternChain
+     * with the appropriate operation.
+     */
     private HashMap<Character, Function<PatternChain<T>, PatternChain<T>>> operations =
             new HashMap<Character, Function<PatternChain<T>, PatternChain<T>>>() {{
                 put('+', Pattern.this::transformPlus);
@@ -19,11 +39,23 @@ public class Pattern<T> {
                 put('?', Pattern.this::transformQuestion);
             }};
 
+    /**
+     * A regex operator function that turns the chain
+     * into a one-or-more chain.
+     * @param chain the chain to transform.
+     * @return the modified chain.
+     */
     private PatternChain<T> transformPlus(PatternChain<T> chain){
         chain.tail.outputStates.add(chain.head);
         return chain;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * A regex operator function that turns the chain
+     * into a zero-or-more chain.
+     * @param chain the chain to transform.
+     * @return the modified chain.
+     */
     private PatternChain<T> transformStar(PatternChain<T> chain){
         LinkNode<T> newTail = new LinkNode<>();
         LinkNode<T> newHead = new LinkNode<>();
@@ -36,6 +68,12 @@ public class Pattern<T> {
         return chain;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * A regex operator function that turns the chain
+     * into a zero-or-one chain.
+     * @param chain the chain to transform.
+     * @return the modified chain.
+     */
     private PatternChain<T> transformQuestion(PatternChain<T> chain){
         LinkNode<T> newTail = new LinkNode<>();
         LinkNode<T> newHead = new LinkNode<>();
@@ -47,6 +85,11 @@ public class Pattern<T> {
         return chain;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Combines a collection of chains into one OR chain.
+     * @param collection the collection of chains to combine.
+     * @return the resulting OR chain.
+     */
     private PatternChain<T> combineChains(Collection<PatternChain<T>> collection){
         LinkNode<T> head = new LinkNode<>();
         LinkNode<T> tail = new LinkNode<>();
@@ -58,6 +101,10 @@ public class Pattern<T> {
         return newChain;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Parses a single value from the input into a chain.
+     * @return the resulting chain, or null on error.
+     */
     private PatternChain<T> parseValue(){
         if(index >= source.length()) return null;
         if(source.charAt(index) == '\\'){
@@ -66,6 +113,10 @@ public class Pattern<T> {
         return new PatternChain<>(new ValueNode<>(source.charAt(index++)));
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Parses a [] range from the input into a chain.
+     * @return the resulting chain, or null on error.
+     */
     private PatternChain<T> parseOr(){
         Stack<PatternChain<T>> orStack = new Stack<>();
         index++;
@@ -88,6 +139,12 @@ public class Pattern<T> {
         return (orStack.size() == 1) ? orStack.pop() : combineChains(orStack);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Parses a repeatable segment from the input into a chain
+     * @param isSubsegment whether the segment is a sub-expression "()", and therefore
+     *                     whether to expect a closing brace.
+     * @return the resulting chain, or null on error.
+     */
     private PatternChain<T> parseSegment(boolean isSubsegment){
         if(index >= source.length() || ((source.charAt(index) != '(') && isSubsegment)) return null;
         if(isSubsegment) index++;
@@ -152,6 +209,11 @@ public class Pattern<T> {
         return fullChain;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Creates / compiles a new pattern with the given id from the given string.
+     * @param from the string to compile a pattern from.
+     * @param id the ID to use.
+     */
     public Pattern(String from, T id){
         this.id = id;
         index = 0;
@@ -166,6 +228,10 @@ public class Pattern<T> {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Gets the head PatternNode, for use in matching
+     * @return the pattern node.
+     */
     public PatternNode<T> getHead() {
         return head;
     }

src/org/nwapw/abacus/lexing/pattern/PatternChain.java

@@ -1,23 +1,52 @@
 package org.nwapw.abacus.lexing.pattern;
 
+/**
+ * A chain of nodes that can be treated as a single unit.
+ * Used during pattern compilation.
+ * @param <T> the type used to identify which pattern has been matched.
+ */
 public class PatternChain<T> {
 
+    /**
+     * The head node of the chain.
+     */
     public PatternNode<T> head;
+    /**
+     * The tail node of the chain.
+     */
     public PatternNode<T> tail;
 
+    /**
+     * Creates a new chain with the given start and end.
+     * @param head the start of the chain.
+     * @param tail the end of the chain.
+     */
     public PatternChain(PatternNode<T> head, PatternNode<T> tail){
         this.head = head;
         this.tail = tail;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Creates a chain that starts and ends with the same node.
+     * @param node the node to use.
+     */
     public PatternChain(PatternNode<T> node){
         this(node, node);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Creates an empty chain.
+     */
     public PatternChain(){
         this(null);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Appends the other chain to this one. This modifies
+     * the nodes, as well.
+     * If this chain is empty, it is set to the other.
+     * @param other the other chain to append.
+     */
     public void append(PatternChain<T> other){
         if(other.head == null || tail == null) {
             this.head = other.head;
@@ -28,6 +57,12 @@ public class PatternChain<T> {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Appends a single node to this chain. This modifies
+     * the nodes, as well.
+     * If this chain is empty, it is set to the node.
+     * @param node the node to append to this chain.
+     */
     public void append(PatternNode<T> node){
         if(tail == null){
             head = tail = node;

src/org/nwapw/abacus/lexing/pattern/PatternNode.java

@@ -4,26 +4,58 @@ import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 
+/**
+ * A base class for a pattern node. Provides all functions
+ * necessary for matching, and is constructed by a Pattern instance
+ * from a string.
+ * @param <T> the type that's used to tell which pattern this node belongs to.
+ */
 public class PatternNode<T> {
 
+    /**
+     * The set of states to which the lexer should continue
+     * should this node be correctly matched.
+     */
     protected HashSet<PatternNode<T>> outputStates;
 
+    /**
+     * Creates a new pattern node.
+     */
     public PatternNode(){
         outputStates = new HashSet<>();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Determines whether the current input character can
+     * be matched by this node.
+     * @param other the character being matched.
+     * @return true if the character can be matched, false otherwise.
+     */
     public boolean matches(char other){
         return false;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * If this node can be used as part of a range, returns that value.
+     * @return a NULL terminator if this character cannot be converted
+     * into a range bound, or the appropriate range bound if it can.
+     */
     public char range(){
         return '\0';
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Adds this node in a collection of other nodes.
+     * @param into the collection to add into.
+     */
     public void addInto(Collection<PatternNode<T>> into){
         into.add(this);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Adds the node's children into a collection of other nodes.
+     * @param into the collection to add into.
+     */
     public void addOutputsInto(Collection<PatternNode<T>> into){
         outputStates.forEach(e -> e.addInto(into));
     }

src/org/nwapw/abacus/lexing/pattern/RangeNode.java

@@ -1,10 +1,25 @@
 package org.nwapw.abacus.lexing.pattern;
 
+/**
+ * A node that matches a range of characters.
+ * @param <T> the type that's used to tell which pattern this node belongs to.
+ */
 public class RangeNode<T> extends PatternNode<T> {
 
+    /**
+     * The bottom bound of the range, inclusive.
+     */
     private char from;
+    /**
+     * The top bound of the range, inclusive.
+     */
     private char to;
 
+    /**
+     * Creates a new range node from the given range.
+     * @param from the bottom bound of the range.
+     * @param to the top bound of hte range.
+     */
     public RangeNode(char from, char to){
         this.from = from;
         this.to = to;

src/org/nwapw/abacus/lexing/pattern/ValueNode.java

@@ -1,9 +1,20 @@
 package org.nwapw.abacus.lexing.pattern;
 
+/**
+ * A node that matches a single value.
+ * @param <T> the type that's used to tell which pattern this node belongs to.
+ */
 public class ValueNode<T> extends PatternNode<T> {
 
+    /**
+     * The value this node matches.
+     */
     private char value;
 
+    /**
+     * Creates a new node that matches the given character.
+     * @param value
+     */
     public ValueNode(char value){
         this.value = value;
     }

src/org/nwapw/abacus/number/Function.java

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-package org.nwapw.abacus.number;
-
-import java.util.HashMap;
-
-public abstract class Function {
-
-    private static final HashMap<Class<? extends Number>, Integer> priorityMap =
-            new HashMap<Class<? extends Number>, Integer>() {{
-                put(NaiveNumber.class, 0);
-            }};
-
-    protected abstract boolean matchesParams(Number[] params);
-    protected abstract Number applyInternal(Number[] params);
-
-    public Number apply(Number...params) {
-        if(!matchesParams(params)) return null;
-        return applyInternal(params);
-    }
-
-}

src/org/nwapw/abacus/number/FunctionDatabase.java

@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-package org.nwapw.abacus.number;
-
-import java.util.HashMap;
-
-public class FunctionDatabase {
-
-    private HashMap<String, Function> functions;
-
-    private void registerDefault(){
-
-        functions.put("+", new Function() {
-            @Override
-            protected boolean matchesParams(Number[] params) {
-                return params.length >= 1;
-            }
-
-            @Override
-            protected Number applyInternal(Number[] params) {
-                Number sum = params[0];
-                for(int i = 1; i < params.length; i++){
-                    sum = sum.add(params[i]);
-                }
-                return sum;
-            }
-        });
-
-        functions.put("-", new Function() {
-            @Override
-            protected boolean matchesParams(Number[] params) {
-                return params.length == 2;
-            }
-
-            @Override
-            protected Number applyInternal(Number[] params) {
-                return params[0].subtract(params[1]);
-            }
-        });
-
-        functions.put("*", new Function() {
-            @Override
-            protected boolean matchesParams(Number[] params) {
-                return params.length >= 1;
-            }
-
-            @Override
-            protected Number applyInternal(Number[] params) {
-                Number product = params[1];
-                for(int i = 1; i < params.length; i++){
-                    product = product.multiply(params[i]);
-                }
-                return product;
-            }
-        });
-
-        functions.put("/", new Function() {
-            @Override
-            protected boolean matchesParams(Number[] params) {
-                return params.length == 2;
-            }
-
-            @Override
-            protected Number applyInternal(Number[] params) {
-                return params[0].divide(params[1]);
-            }
-        });
-    }
-
-    public FunctionDatabase(){
-        functions = new HashMap<>();
-        registerDefault();
-    }
-
-    public Function getFunction(String name){
-        return functions.get(name);
-    }
-
-}

src/org/nwapw/abacus/number/NaiveNumber.java

@@ -1,57 +1,99 @@
 package org.nwapw.abacus.number;
 
-public class NaiveNumber implements Number {
+/**
+ * An implementation of NumberInterface using a double.
+ */
+public class NaiveNumber implements NumberInterface {
 
+    /**
+     * The value of this number.
+     */
     private double value;
 
+    /**
+     * Creates a new NaiveNumber with the given value.
+     * @param value the value to use.
+     */
     public NaiveNumber(double value) {
         this.value = value;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * The number zero.
+     */
+    public static final NaiveNumber ZERO = new NaiveNumber(0);
+    /**
+     * The number one.
+     */
+    public static final NaiveNumber ONE = new NaiveNumber(1);
+
     @Override
     public int precision() {
-        return 4;
+        return 15;
     }
 
     @Override
-    public Number multiply(Number multiplier) {
+    public NumberInterface multiply(NumberInterface multiplier) {
         return new NaiveNumber(value * ((NaiveNumber)multiplier).value);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public Number divide(Number divisor) {
+    public NumberInterface divide(NumberInterface divisor) {
         return new NaiveNumber(value / ((NaiveNumber)divisor).value);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public Number add(Number summand) {
+    public NumberInterface add(NumberInterface summand) {
         return new NaiveNumber(value + ((NaiveNumber)summand).value);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public Number subtract(Number subtrahend) {
+    public NumberInterface subtract(NumberInterface subtrahend) {
         return new NaiveNumber(value - ((NaiveNumber)subtrahend).value);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public Number negate() {
+    public NumberInterface negate() {
         return new NaiveNumber(-value);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public Number zero() {
-        return new NaiveNumber(0);
+    public NumberInterface intPow(int exponent) {
+        if(exponent == 0){
+            return NaiveNumber.ONE;
+        }
+        boolean takeReciprocal = exponent < 0;
+        exponent = Math.abs(exponent);
+        NumberInterface power = this;
+        for(int currentExponent = 1; currentExponent < exponent; currentExponent++){
+            power = power.multiply(this);
+        }
+        if(takeReciprocal){
+            power = NaiveNumber.ONE.divide(power);
+        }
+        return power;
     }
 
     @Override
-    public Number one() {
-        return new NaiveNumber(1);
+    public int compareTo(NumberInterface number) {
+        NaiveNumber num = (NaiveNumber) number;
+        return Double.compare(value, num.value);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public Number promoteTo(Class<? extends Number> toClass) {
+    public int signum() {
+        return this.compareTo(ZERO);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public NumberInterface promoteTo(Class<? extends NumberInterface> toClass) {
         if(toClass == this.getClass()) return this;
         return null;
     }
+
+    public String toString(){
+        return Double.toString(value);
+    }
+
 }
 

src/org/nwapw/abacus/number/Number.java

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-package org.nwapw.abacus.number;
-
-public interface Number {
-
-    int precision();
-    Number multiply(Number multiplier);
-    Number divide(Number divisor);
-    Number add(Number summand);
-    Number subtract(Number subtrahend);
-    Number negate();
-
-    Number zero();
-    Number one();
-
-    Number promoteTo(Class<? extends Number> toClass);
-
-}

src/org/nwapw/abacus/number/NumberInterface.java

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.number;
+
+/**
+ * An interface used to represent a number.
+ */
+public interface NumberInterface {
+
+    /**
+     * The precision to which this number operates.
+     * @return the precision.
+     */
+    int precision();
+
+    /**
+     * Multiplies this number by another, returning
+     * a new number instance.
+     * @param multiplier the multiplier
+     * @return the result of the multiplication.
+     */
+    NumberInterface multiply(NumberInterface multiplier);
+    /**
+     * Divides this number by another, returning
+     * a new number instance.
+     * @param divisor the divisor
+     * @return the result of the division.
+     */
+    NumberInterface divide(NumberInterface divisor);
+    /**
+     * Adds this number to another, returning
+     * a new number instance.
+     * @param summand the summand
+     * @return the result of the summation.
+     */
+    NumberInterface add(NumberInterface summand);
+    /**
+     * Subtracts another number from this number,
+     * a new number instance.
+     * @param subtrahend the subtrahend.
+     * @return the result of the subtraction.
+     */
+    NumberInterface subtract(NumberInterface subtrahend);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new instance of this number with
+     * the sign flipped.
+     * @return the new instance.
+     */
+    NumberInterface negate();
+
+    /**
+     * Raises this number to an integer power.
+     * @param exponent
+     * @return
+     */
+    NumberInterface intPow(int exponent);
+
+    /**
+     * Compares this number to another.
+     * @param number the number to compare to.
+     * @return same as Integer.compare();
+     */
+    int compareTo(NumberInterface number);
+
+    /**
+     * Same as Math.signum().
+     * @return 1 if this number is positive, -1 if this number is negative, 0 if this number is 0.
+     */
+    int signum();
+
+    /**
+     * Promotes this class to another number class.
+     * @param toClass the class to promote to.
+     * @return the resulting new instance.
+     */
+    NumberInterface promoteTo(Class<? extends NumberInterface> toClass);
+
+}

src/org/nwapw/abacus/plugin/Plugin.java

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.plugin;
+
+import org.nwapw.abacus.function.Function;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+
+/**
+ * A plugin class that can be externally implemented and loaded via the
+ * plugin manager. Plugins provide functionality to the calculator
+ * with the "hasFunction" and "getFunction" functions,
+ * and can use "registerFunction" and "functionFor" for
+ * loading internally.
+ */
+public abstract class Plugin {
+
+    /**
+     * A hash map of functions mapped to their string names.
+     */
+    private HashMap<String, Function> functions;
+    /**
+     * The plugin manager in which to search for functions
+     * not inside this package,
+     */
+    private PluginManager manager;
+
+    private Plugin(){ }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new plugin with the given PluginManager.
+     * @param manager the manager controlling this plugin.
+     */
+    public Plugin(PluginManager manager) {
+        this.manager = manager;
+        functions = new HashMap<>();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Determines whether the current plugin provides the given function name.
+     * @param functionName the name of the function provided.
+     * @return true of the function exists, false if it doesn't.
+     */
+    public final boolean hasFunction(String functionName) {
+        return functions.containsKey(functionName);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a function under the given function name.
+     * @param functionName the name of the function to get
+     * @return the function, or null if this plugin doesn't provide it.
+     */
+    public final Function getFunction(String functionName) {
+        return functions.get(functionName);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * To be used in load(). Registers a function abstract class with the
+     * plugin internally, which makes it accessible to the plugin manager.
+     * @param name the name to register by.
+     * @param toRegister the function implementation.
+     * @return true if the function was registered successfully, false if not.
+     */
+    protected final boolean registerFunction(String name, Function toRegister) {
+        if(functionFor(name) == null){
+            functions.put(name, toRegister);
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Searches the PluginManager for the given function name.
+     * This can be used by the plugins internally in order to call functions
+     * they do not provide.
+     * @param name then name for which to search
+     * @return the resulting function, or null if none was found for that name.
+     */
+    protected final Function functionFor(String name) {
+        return manager.functionFor(name);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Abstract method to be overridden by plugin implementation, in which the plugins
+     * are supposed to register the functions they provide and do any other
+     * necessary setup.
+     */
+    public abstract void load();
+
+}

src/org/nwapw/abacus/plugin/PluginManager.java

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.plugin;
+
+import org.nwapw.abacus.function.Function;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+
+/**
+ * A class that controls instances of plugins, allowing for them
+ * to interact with each other and the calculator.
+ */
+public class PluginManager {
+
+    /**
+     * A list of loaded plugins.
+     */
+    private ArrayList<Plugin> plugins;
+    /**
+     * List of functions that have been cached,
+     * that is, found in a plugin and returned.
+     */
+    private HashMap<String, Function> cachedFunctions;
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new plugin manager.
+     */
+    public PluginManager(){
+        plugins = new ArrayList<>();
+        cachedFunctions = new HashMap<>();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a function under the given name.
+     * @param name the name of the function
+     * @return the function under the given name.
+     */
+    public Function functionFor(String name){
+        if(cachedFunctions.containsKey(name)) {
+            return cachedFunctions.get(name);
+        }
+
+        Function loadedFunction = null;
+        for(Plugin plugin : plugins){
+            if(plugin.hasFunction(name)){
+                loadedFunction = plugin.getFunction(name);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        cachedFunctions.put(name, loadedFunction);
+        return loadedFunction;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Adds an instance of Plugin that already has been instantiated.
+     * @param plugin the plugin to add.
+     */
+    public void addInstantiated(Plugin plugin){
+        plugin.load();
+        cachedFunctions.clear();
+        plugins.add(plugin);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Instantiates a class of plugin, and adds it to this
+     * plugin manager.
+     * @param newClass the new class to instantiate.
+     */
+    public void addClass(Class<?> newClass){
+        if(!Plugin.class.isAssignableFrom(newClass)) return;
+        try {
+            addInstantiated((Plugin) newClass.getConstructor(PluginManager.class).newInstance(this));
+        } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | NoSuchMethodException | InvocationTargetException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+}

src/org/nwapw/abacus/plugin/StandardPlugin.java

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.plugin;
+
+import org.nwapw.abacus.function.Function;
+import org.nwapw.abacus.number.NaiveNumber;
+import org.nwapw.abacus.number.NumberInterface;
+
+import java.util.function.BiFunction;
+
+/**
+ * The plugin providing standard functions such as addition and subtraction to
+ * the calculator.
+ */
+public class StandardPlugin extends Plugin {
+
+    public StandardPlugin(PluginManager manager) {
+        super(manager);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void load() {
+        registerFunction("+", new Function() {
+            @Override
+            protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+                return params.length >= 1;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+                NumberInterface sum = params[0];
+                for(int i = 1; i < params.length; i++){
+                    sum = sum.add(params[i]);
+                }
+                return sum;
+            }
+        });
+
+        registerFunction("-", new Function() {
+            @Override
+            protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+                return params.length == 2;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+                return params[0].subtract(params[1]);
+            }
+        });
+
+        registerFunction("*", new Function() {
+            @Override
+            protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+                return params.length >= 1;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+                NumberInterface product = params[0];
+                for(int i = 1; i < params.length; i++){
+                    product = product.multiply(params[i]);
+                }
+                return product;
+            }
+        });
+
+        registerFunction("/", new Function() {
+            @Override
+            protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+                return params.length == 2;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+                return params[0].divide(params[1]);
+            }
+        });
+
+        registerFunction("!", new Function() {
+            @Override
+            protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+                return params.length == 1;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+                if(params[0].signum() == 0){
+                    return (new NaiveNumber(1)).promoteTo(params[0].getClass());
+                }
+                NumberInterface factorial = params[0];
+                NumberInterface multiplier = params[0];
+                //It is necessary to later prevent calls of factorial on anything but non-negative integers.
+                while((multiplier = multiplier.subtract(NaiveNumber.ONE.promoteTo(multiplier.getClass()))).signum() == 1){
+                    factorial = factorial.multiply(multiplier);
+                }
+                return factorial;
+            }
+        });
+
+        registerFunction("exp", new Function() {
+            @Override
+            protected boolean matchesParams(NumberInterface[] params) {
+                return params.length == 1;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            protected NumberInterface applyInternal(NumberInterface[] params) {
+                return sumSeries(params[0], StandardPlugin.this::getExpSeriesTerm, getNTermsExp(getMaxError(params[0]), params[0]));
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the nth term of the Taylor series (centered at 0) of e^x
+     * @param n the term required (n >= 0).
+     * @param x the real number at which the series is evaluated.
+     * @return
+     */
+    private NumberInterface getExpSeriesTerm(int n, NumberInterface x){
+        return x.intPow(n).divide(this.getFunction("!").apply((new NaiveNumber(n)).promoteTo(x.getClass())));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the number of terms needed to evaluate the exponential function (at x)
+     * such that the error is at most maxError.
+     * @param maxError Maximum error permissible (This should probably be positive.)
+     * @param x where the function is evaluated.
+     * @return
+     */
+    private int getNTermsExp(NumberInterface maxError, NumberInterface x){
+        //We need n such that x^(n+2) <= (n+1)! * maxError
+        //The variables LHS and RHS refer to the above inequality.
+        int n = 0;
+        NumberInterface LHS = x.intPow(2), RHS = maxError;
+        while(LHS.compareTo(RHS) > 0){
+            n++;
+            LHS = LHS.multiply(x);
+            RHS = RHS.multiply(new NaiveNumber(n).promoteTo(RHS.getClass()));
+        }
+        return n;
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a partial sum of a series whose terms are given by the nthTermFunction, evaluated at x.
+     * @param x the value at which the series is evaluated.
+     * @param nthTermFunction the function that returns the nth term of the series, in the format term(x, n).
+     * @param n the number of terms in the partial sum.
+     * @return the value of the partial sum that has the same class as x.
+     */
+    private NumberInterface sumSeries(NumberInterface x, BiFunction<Integer, NumberInterface, NumberInterface> nthTermFunction, int n){
+        NumberInterface sum = NaiveNumber.ZERO.promoteTo(x.getClass());
+        for(int i = 0; i <= n; i++){
+            sum = sum.add(nthTermFunction.apply(i, x));
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the maximum error based on the precision of the class of number.
+     * @param number Any instance of the NumberInterface in question (should return an appropriate precision).
+     * @return
+     */
+    private NumberInterface getMaxError(NumberInterface number){
+        return (new NaiveNumber(10)).promoteTo(number.getClass()).intPow(-number.precision());
+    }
+
+}

src/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/NumberNode.java

@@ -1,25 +1,57 @@
 package org.nwapw.abacus.tree;
 
 import org.nwapw.abacus.number.NaiveNumber;
-import org.nwapw.abacus.number.Number;
+import org.nwapw.abacus.number.NumberInterface;
 
+/**
+ * A node implementation that represents a single number.
+ */
 public class NumberNode extends TreeNode {
 
-    private Number number;
+    /**
+     * The number that is represented by this number node.
+     */
+    private NumberInterface number;
 
+    /**
+     * Creates a number node with no number.
+     */
     public NumberNode(){
         number = null;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Creates a new number node with the given double value.
+     * @param value the value to use.
+     */
     public NumberNode(double value){
         number = new NaiveNumber(value);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Creates a new number node with the given string value, converted
+     * to a double.
+     * @param value the value.
+     */
     public NumberNode(String value){
         this(Double.parseDouble(value));
     }
 
-    public Number getNumber() {
+    /**
+     * Gets the number value of this node.
+     * @return the number value of this node.
+     */
+    public NumberInterface getNumber() {
         return number;
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public <T> T reduce(Reducer<T> reducer) {
+        return reducer.reduceNode(this);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return number != null ? number.toString() : "null";
+    }
 }

src/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/NumberReducer.java

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.tree;
+
+import org.nwapw.abacus.number.NumberInterface;
+import org.nwapw.abacus.plugin.PluginManager;
+
+public class NumberReducer implements Reducer<NumberInterface> {
+
+    private PluginManager manager;
+
+    public NumberReducer(PluginManager manager){
+        this.manager = manager;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public NumberInterface reduceNode(TreeNode node, Object... children) {
+        if(node instanceof NumberNode) {
+            return ((NumberNode) node).getNumber();
+        } else if(node instanceof OpNode){
+            NumberInterface left = (NumberInterface) children[0];
+            NumberInterface right = (NumberInterface) children[1];
+            return manager.functionFor(((OpNode) node).getOperation()).apply(left, right);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+}

src/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/OpNode.java

@@ -1,38 +1,106 @@
 package org.nwapw.abacus.tree;
 
+/**
+ * A tree node that represents an operation being applied to two operands.
+ */
 public class OpNode extends TreeNode {
 
+    /**
+     * The operation being applied.
+     */
     private String operation;
+    /**
+     * The left node of the operation.
+     */
     private TreeNode left;
+    /**
+     * The right node of the operation.
+     */
     private TreeNode right;
 
+    private OpNode() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new operation node with the given operation
+     * and no child nodes.
+     * @param operation the operation.
+     */
     public OpNode(String operation){
         this(operation, null, null);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Creates a new operation node with the given operation
+     * and child nodes.
+     * @param operation the operation.
+     * @param left the left node of the expression.
+     * @param right the right node of the expression.
+     */
     public OpNode(String operation, TreeNode left, TreeNode right){
         this.operation = operation;
         this.left = left;
         this.right = right;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Gets the operation in this node.
+     * @return the operation in this node.
+     */
     public String getOperation() {
         return operation;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Gets the left sub-expression of this node.
+     * @return the left node.
+     */
     public TreeNode getLeft() {
         return left;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Sets the left sub-expression of this node.
+     * @param left the sub-expression to apply.
+     */
     public void setLeft(TreeNode left) {
         this.left = left;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Gets the right sub-expression of this node.
+     * @return the right node.
+     */
     public TreeNode getRight() {
         return right;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Sets the right sub-expression of this node.
+     * @param right the sub-expression to apply.
+     */
     public void setRight(TreeNode right) {
         this.right = right;
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public <T> T reduce(Reducer<T> reducer) {
+        T leftReduce = left.reduce(reducer);
+        T rightReduce = right.reduce(reducer);
+        return reducer.reduceNode(this, leftReduce, rightReduce);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        String leftString = left != null ? left.toString() : "null";
+        String rightString = right != null ? right.toString() : "null";
+
+        if(right != null && right instanceof OpNode){
+            if(TreeNode.precedenceMap.get(((OpNode) right).getOperation()) >
+                    TreeNode.precedenceMap.get(operation)) {
+                rightString = "(" + rightString + ")";
+            }
+        }
+        
+        return leftString + operation + rightString;
+    }
 }

src/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/OperatorAssociativity.java

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 package org.nwapw.abacus.tree;
 
+/**
+ * Enum to represent the associativity of an operator.
+ */
 public enum OperatorAssociativity {
     LEFT, RIGHT
 }

src/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/Reducer.java

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.tree;
+
+/**
+ * Interface used to reduce a tree into a single value.
+ * @param <T> the value to reduce into.
+ */
+public interface Reducer<T> {
+
+    /**
+     * Reduces the given tree into a single value of type T.
+     * @param node the node being passed in to be reduced.
+     * @param children the already-reduced children of this node.
+     * @return the resulting value from the reduce.
+     */
+    public T reduceNode(TreeNode node, Object...children);
+
+}

src/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/TokenType.java

@@ -1,11 +1,22 @@
 package org.nwapw.abacus.tree;
 
+/**
+ * Enum to represent the type of the token that has been matched
+ * by the lexer.
+ */
 public enum TokenType {
 
     ANY(0), OP(1), NUM(2), WORD(3), OPEN_PARENTH(4), CLOSE_PARENTH(5);
 
+    /**
+     * The priority by which this token gets sorted.
+     */
     public final int priority;
 
+    /**
+     * Creates a new token type with the given priority.
+     * @param priority the priority of this token type.
+     */
     TokenType(int priority){
         this.priority = priority;
     }

src/org/nwapw/abacus/tree/TreeNode.java

@@ -5,24 +5,35 @@ import org.nwapw.abacus.lexing.pattern.Match;
 
 import java.util.*;
 
+/**
+ * An abstract class that represents an expression tree node.
+ */
 public abstract class TreeNode {
 
-    private static Lexer<TokenType> lexer = new Lexer<TokenType>(){{
-        register(".", TokenType.ANY);
+    /**
+     * The lexer used to lex tokens.
+     */
+    protected static Lexer<TokenType> lexer = new Lexer<TokenType>(){{
         register("\\+|-|\\*|/|^", TokenType.OP);
         register("[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)?", TokenType.NUM);
         register("[a-zA-Z]+", TokenType.WORD);
         register("\\(", TokenType.OPEN_PARENTH);
         register("\\)", TokenType.CLOSE_PARENTH);
     }};
-    private static HashMap<String, Integer> precedenceMap = new HashMap<String, Integer>(){{
+    /**
+     * A map that maps operations to their precedence.
+     */
+    protected static HashMap<String, Integer> precedenceMap = new HashMap<String, Integer>(){{
         put("+", 0);
         put("-", 0);
         put("*", 1);
         put("/", 1);
         put("^", 2);
     }};
-    private static HashMap<String, OperatorAssociativity> associativityMap =
+    /**
+     * A map that maps operations to their associativity.
+     */
+    protected static HashMap<String, OperatorAssociativity> associativityMap =
             new HashMap<String, OperatorAssociativity>() {{
                 put("+", OperatorAssociativity.LEFT);
                 put("-", OperatorAssociativity.LEFT);
@@ -31,12 +42,26 @@ public abstract class TreeNode {
                 put("^", OperatorAssociativity.RIGHT);
             }};
 
-    private static Comparator<TokenType> tokenSorter = Comparator.comparingInt(e -> e.priority);
+    /**
+     * Comparator used to sort token types.
+     */
+    protected static Comparator<TokenType> tokenSorter = Comparator.comparingInt(e -> e.priority);
 
+    /**
+     * Tokenizes a string, converting it into matches
+     * @param string the string to tokenize.
+     * @return the list of tokens produced.
+     */
     public static ArrayList<Match<TokenType>> tokenize(String string){
         return lexer.lexAll(string, 0, tokenSorter);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Rearranges tokens into a postfix list, using Shunting Yard.
+     * @param source the source string.
+     * @param from the tokens to be rearranged.
+     * @return the resulting list of rearranged tokens.
+     */
     public static ArrayList<Match<TokenType>> intoPostfix(String source, ArrayList<Match<TokenType>> from){
         ArrayList<Match<TokenType>> output = new ArrayList<>();
         Stack<Match<TokenType>> tokenStack = new Stack<>();
@@ -78,6 +103,12 @@ public abstract class TreeNode {
         return output;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Constructs a tree recursively from a list of tokens.
+     * @param source the source string.
+     * @param matches the list of tokens from the source string.
+     * @return the construct tree expression.
+     */
     public static TreeNode fromStringRecursive(String source, ArrayList<Match<TokenType>> matches){
         if(matches.size() == 0) return null;
         Match<TokenType> match = matches.remove(0);
@@ -92,12 +123,21 @@ public abstract class TreeNode {
         return null;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Creates a tree node from a string.
+     * @param string the string to create a node from.
+     * @return the resulting tree.
+     */
     public static TreeNode fromString(String string){
-        ArrayList<Match<TokenType>> matches = intoPostfix(string, tokenize(string));
+        ArrayList<Match<TokenType>> matches = tokenize(string);
+        if(matches == null) return null;
+        matches = intoPostfix(string, matches);
         if(matches == null) return null;
 
         Collections.reverse(matches);
         return fromStringRecursive(string, matches);
     }
 
+    public abstract <T> T reduce(Reducer<T> reducer);
+
 }

src/org/nwapw/abacus/window/HistoryTableModel.java

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.window;
+
+import org.nwapw.abacus.tree.TreeNode;
+
+import javax.swing.event.TableModelListener;
+import javax.swing.table.AbstractTableModel;
+import javax.swing.table.TableModel;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+
+public class HistoryTableModel extends AbstractTableModel {
+
+    public static final String[] COLUMN_NAMES = {
+            "Input",
+            "Parsed Input",
+            "Output"
+    };
+
+    public static final Class[] CLASS_TYPES = {
+            String.class,
+            TreeNode.class,
+            String.class
+    };
+
+    public static class HistoryEntry {
+        public String input;
+        public TreeNode parsedInput;
+        public String output;
+
+        public HistoryEntry(String input, TreeNode parsedInput, String output){
+            this.input = input;
+            this.parsedInput = parsedInput;
+            this.output = output;
+        }
+
+        Object nthValue(int n){
+            if(n == 0) return input;
+            if(n == 1) return parsedInput;
+            if(n == 2) return output;
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    ArrayList<HistoryEntry> entries;
+
+    public HistoryTableModel() {
+        entries = new ArrayList<>();
+    }
+
+    public void addEntry(HistoryEntry entry){
+        entries.add(entry);
+    }
+
+        @Override
+    public int getRowCount() {
+        return entries.size();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getColumnCount() {
+        return 3;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getColumnName(int columnIndex) {
+        return COLUMN_NAMES[columnIndex];
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Class<?> getColumnClass(int columnIndex) {
+        return CLASS_TYPES[columnIndex];
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean isCellEditable(int rowIndex, int columnIndex) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Object getValueAt(int rowIndex, int columnIndex) {
+        return entries.get(rowIndex).nthValue(columnIndex);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void setValueAt(Object aValue, int rowIndex, int columnIndex) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void addTableModelListener(TableModelListener l) {
+
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void removeTableModelListener(TableModelListener l) {
+
+    }
+}

src/org/nwapw/abacus/window/Window.java

@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+package org.nwapw.abacus.window;
+
+import org.nwapw.abacus.plugin.PluginManager;
+import org.nwapw.abacus.tree.NumberReducer;
+import org.nwapw.abacus.tree.TreeNode;
+
+import javax.swing.*;
+import java.awt.*;
+import java.awt.datatransfer.StringSelection;
+import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
+import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
+import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
+
+/**
+ * The main UI window for the calculator.
+ */
+public class Window extends JFrame {
+
+    private static final String CALC_STRING = "Calculate";
+    private static final String SELECT_STRING = "Select";
+    private static final String SYNTAX_ERR_STRING = "Syntax Error";
+    private static final String NUMBER_SYSTEM_LABEL = "Number Type:";
+    private static final String FUNCTION_LABEL = "Functions:";
+
+    private static final String[] BUTTON_NAMES = {
+            CALC_STRING,
+            CALC_STRING
+    };
+
+    private static boolean[] BUTTON_ENABLED = {
+            true,
+            false
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * The plugin manager used to retrieve functions.
+     */
+    private PluginManager manager;
+    /**
+     * The reducer used to evaluate the tree.
+     */
+    private NumberReducer reducer;
+
+    /**
+     * The last output by the calculator.
+     */
+    private String lastOutput;
+
+    /**
+     * The tabbed pane that separates calculator contexts.
+     */
+    private JTabbedPane pane;
+
+    /**
+     * The panel where the output occurs.
+     */
+    private JPanel calculationPanel;
+    /**
+     * The text area reserved for the last output.
+     */
+    private JTextArea lastOutputArea;
+    /**
+     * The table used for storing history results.
+     */
+    private JTable historyTable;
+    /**
+     * The table model used for managing history.
+     */
+    private HistoryTableModel historyModel;
+    /**
+     * The scroll pane for the history area.
+     */
+    private JScrollPane historyScroll;
+
+    /**
+     * The panel where the input occurs.
+     */
+    private JPanel inputPanel;
+    /**
+     * The input text field.
+     */
+    private JTextField inputField;
+    /**
+     * The "submit" button.
+     */
+    private JButton inputEnterButton;
+
+    /**
+     * The side panel for separate configuration.
+     */
+    private JPanel settingsPanel;
+    /**
+     * Panel for elements relating to number
+     * system selection.
+     */
+    private JPanel numberSystemPanel;
+    /**
+     * The possible list of number systems.
+     */
+    private JComboBox<String> numberSystemList;
+    /**
+     * The panel for elements relating to
+     * function selection.
+     */
+    private JPanel functionSelectPanel;
+    /**
+     * The list of functions available to the user.
+     */
+    private JComboBox<String> functionList;
+
+    /**
+     * Action listener that causes the input to be evaluated.
+     */
+    private ActionListener evaluateListener = (event) -> {
+        TreeNode parsedExpression = TreeNode.fromString(inputField.getText());
+        if(parsedExpression == null){
+            lastOutputArea.setText(SYNTAX_ERR_STRING);
+            return;
+        }
+        lastOutput = parsedExpression.reduce(reducer).toString();
+        historyModel.addEntry(new HistoryTableModel.HistoryEntry(inputField.getText(), parsedExpression, lastOutput));
+        historyTable.invalidate();
+        lastOutputArea.setText(lastOutput);
+        inputField.setText("");
+    };
+
+    private ActionListener[] listeners = {
+            evaluateListener,
+            null
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new window with the given manager.
+     * @param manager the manager to use.
+     */
+    public Window(PluginManager manager){
+        this();
+        this.manager = manager;
+        reducer = new NumberReducer(manager);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new window.
+     */
+    private Window() {
+        super();
+
+        lastOutput = "";
+
+        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
+        setSize(320, 480);
+
+        inputField = new JTextField();
+        inputEnterButton = new JButton(CALC_STRING);
+
+        inputPanel = new JPanel();
+        inputPanel.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
+        inputPanel.add(inputField, BorderLayout.CENTER);
+        inputPanel.add(inputEnterButton, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
+
+        historyModel = new HistoryTableModel();
+        historyTable = new JTable(historyModel);
+        historyScroll = new JScrollPane(historyTable);
+        lastOutputArea = new JTextArea(lastOutput);
+        lastOutputArea.setEditable(false);
+
+        calculationPanel = new JPanel();
+        calculationPanel.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
+        calculationPanel.add(historyScroll, BorderLayout.CENTER);
+        calculationPanel.add(lastOutputArea, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
+
+        numberSystemList = new JComboBox<>();
+
+        numberSystemPanel = new JPanel();
+        numberSystemPanel.setAlignmentX(Component.LEFT_ALIGNMENT);
+        numberSystemPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
+        numberSystemPanel.add(new JLabel(NUMBER_SYSTEM_LABEL));
+        numberSystemPanel.add(numberSystemList);
+        numberSystemPanel.setMaximumSize(numberSystemPanel.getPreferredSize());
+
+        functionList = new JComboBox<>();
+
+        functionSelectPanel = new JPanel();
+        functionSelectPanel.setAlignmentX(Component.LEFT_ALIGNMENT);
+        functionSelectPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
+        functionSelectPanel.add(new JLabel(FUNCTION_LABEL));
+        functionSelectPanel.add(functionList);
+        functionSelectPanel.setMaximumSize(functionSelectPanel.getPreferredSize());
+
+        settingsPanel = new JPanel();
+        settingsPanel.setAlignmentX(Component.LEFT_ALIGNMENT);
+        settingsPanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(settingsPanel, BoxLayout.PAGE_AXIS));
+        settingsPanel.add(numberSystemPanel);
+        settingsPanel.add(functionSelectPanel);
+
+        pane = new JTabbedPane();
+        pane.add("Calculator", calculationPanel);
+        pane.add("Settings", settingsPanel);
+        pane.addChangeListener(e -> {
+            int selectionIndex = pane.getSelectedIndex();
+            boolean enabled = BUTTON_ENABLED[selectionIndex];
+            ActionListener listener = listeners[selectionIndex];
+            inputEnterButton.setText(BUTTON_NAMES[selectionIndex]);
+            inputField.setEnabled(enabled);
+            inputEnterButton.setEnabled(enabled);
+
+            for(ActionListener removingListener : inputEnterButton.getActionListeners()){
+                inputEnterButton.removeActionListener(removingListener);
+                inputField.removeActionListener(removingListener);
+            }
+            if(listener != null){
+                inputEnterButton.addActionListener(listener);
+                inputField.addActionListener(listener);
+            }
+        });
+        add(pane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
+        add(inputPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
+
+        inputEnterButton.addActionListener(evaluateListener);
+        inputField.addActionListener(evaluateListener);
+        historyTable.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
+            @Override
+            public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
+                Point clickPoint = e.getPoint();
+                if(e.getClickCount() == 2){
+                    int row = historyTable.rowAtPoint(clickPoint);
+                    int column = historyTable.columnAtPoint(clickPoint);
+                    String toCopy = historyTable.getValueAt(row, column).toString();
+                    Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(new StringSelection(toCopy), null);
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    }
+}