Work some more on lattices 2
Signed-off-by: Danila Fedorin <danila.fedorin@gmail.com>
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@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ only thing we needed is to be able to check and see if two elements are
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equal or not; this is called _decidable equality_. Since that's the only
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thing we used, this means that we can define an "above/below" lattice like this
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for any type for which we can check if two elements are equal. In Agda, I encoded
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this using a parameterized module:
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this using a [parameterized module](https://agda.readthedocs.io/en/latest/language/module-system.html#parameterised-modules):
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{{< codelines "Agda" "agda-spa/Lattice/AboveBelow.agda" 5 8 >}}
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@ -29,3 +29,39 @@ challenging, but for for a two-level map like \(\text{info}\) above, we'd
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need to do a lot more work. We need tools to build up such complicated lattices!
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The way to do this, it turns out, is by using simpler lattices as building blocks.
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To start with, let's take a look at a very simple way of combining lattices:
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taking the Cartesian product.
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### The Cartesian Product Lattice
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Suppose you have two lattices \(L_1\) and \(L_2\). As I covered in the previous
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post, each lattice comes equipped with a "least upper bound" operator \((\sqcup)\)
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and a "greatest lower bound" operator \((\sqcap)\). Since we now have two lattices,
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let's use numerical suffixes to disambiguate between the operators
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of the first and second lattice: \((\sqcup_1)\) will be the LUB operator of
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the first lattice \(L_1\), and \((\sqcup_2)\) of the second lattice \(L_2\).
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Then, let's take the Cartesian product of the elements of \(L_1\) and \(L_2\);
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mathematically, we'll write this as \(L_1 \times L_2\), and in Agda, we can
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just use the standard [`Data.Product`](https://agda.github.io/agda-stdlib/master/Data.Product.html)
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module. In Agda, I'll define the lattice as another [parameterized module](https://agda.readthedocs.io/en/latest/language/module-system.html#parameterised-modules). Since both \(L_1\) and \(L_2\)
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are lattices, this parameterized module will require `IsLattice` instances
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for both types:
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{{< codelines "Agda" "agda-spa/Lattice/Prod.agda" 1 7 >}}
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Elements of \(L_1 \times L_2\) are in the form \((l_1, l_2)\), where
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\(l_1 \in L_1\) and \(l_2 \in L_2\). The first thing we can get out of the
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way is define what it means for two such elements to be equal. That's easy
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enough: we have an equality predicate `_≈₁_` that checks if an element
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of \(L_1\) is equal to another, and we have `_≈₂_` that does the same for \(L_2\).
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It's reasonably to say that _pairs_ of elements are equal if their respective
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first and second elements are equal:
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{{< latex >}}
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(l_1, l_2) \approx (j_1, j_2) \iff l_1 \approx_1 j_1 \land l_2 \approx_2 j_2
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{{< /latex >}}
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In Agda:
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{{< codelines "Agda" "agda-spa/Lattice/Prod.agda" 39 40 >}}
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