blog-static/code/dawn/DawnEval.v

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Require Import Coq.Lists.List.
Require Import DawnV2.
Require Import Coq.Program.Equality.
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From Ltac2 Require Import Ltac2.
Inductive step_result :=
| err
| middle (e : expr) (s : value_stack)
| final (s : value_stack).
Fixpoint eval_step (s : value_stack) (e : expr) : step_result :=
match e, s with
| e_int swap, v' :: v :: vs => final (v :: v' :: vs)
| e_int clone, v :: vs => final (v :: v :: vs)
| e_int drop, v :: vs => final vs
| e_int quote, v :: vs => final (v_quote (value_to_expr v) :: vs)
| e_int compose, (v_quote v2) :: (v_quote v1) :: vs => final (v_quote (e_comp v1 v2) :: vs)
| e_int apply, (v_quote v1) :: vs => middle v1 vs
| e_quote e', vs => final (v_quote e' :: vs)
| e_comp e1 e2, vs =>
match eval_step vs e1 with
| final vs' => middle e2 vs'
| middle e1' vs' => middle (e_comp e1' e2) vs'
| err => err
end
| _, _ => err
end.
Theorem eval_step_correct : forall (e : expr) (vs vs' : value_stack), Sem_expr vs e vs' ->
(eval_step vs e = final vs') \/
(exists (ei : expr) (vsi : value_stack),
eval_step vs e = middle ei vsi /\
Sem_expr vsi ei vs').
Proof.
intros e vs vs' Hsem.
(* Proceed by induction on the semantics. *)
induction Hsem.
- inversion H; (* The expression is just an intrnsic. *)
(* Dismiss all the straightforward "final" cases,
of which most intrinsics are. *)
try (left; reflexivity).
(* Only apply remains; We are in an intermediate / middle case. *)
right.
(* The semantics guarantee that the expression in the
quote evaluates to the final state. *)
exists e, vs0. auto.
- (* The expression is a quote. This is yet another final case. *)
left; reflexivity.
- (* The composition is never a final step, since we have to evaluate both
branches to "finish up". *)
destruct IHHsem1; right.
+ (* If the left branch finihed, only the right branch needs to be evaluted. *)
simpl. rewrite H. exists e2, vs2. auto.
+ (* Otherwise, the left branch has an intermediate evaluation, guaranteed
by induction to be consitent. *)
destruct H as [ei [vsi [Heval Hsem']]].
(* We compose the remaining part of the left branch with the right branch. *)
exists (e_comp ei e2), vsi. simpl.
(* The evaluation is trivially to a "middle" state. *)
rewrite Heval. split. auto.
eapply Sem_e_comp. apply Hsem'. apply Hsem2.
Qed.
Inductive eval_chain (vs : value_stack) (e : expr) (vs' : value_stack) : Prop :=
| chain_final (P : eval_step vs e = final vs')
| chain_middle (ei : expr) (vsi : value_stack)
(P : eval_step vs e = middle ei vsi) (rest : eval_chain vsi ei vs').
Lemma eval_chain_merge : forall (e1 e2 : expr) (vs vs' vs'' : value_stack),
eval_chain vs e1 vs' -> eval_chain vs' e2 vs'' -> eval_chain vs (e_comp e1 e2) vs''.
Proof.
intros e1 e2 vs vs' vs'' ch1 ch2.
induction ch1;
eapply chain_middle; simpl; try (rewrite P); auto.
Qed.
Lemma eval_chain_split : forall (e1 e2 : expr) (vs vs'' : value_stack),
eval_chain vs (e_comp e1 e2) vs'' -> exists vs', (eval_chain vs e1 vs') /\ (eval_chain vs' e2 vs'').
Proof.
intros e1 e2 vs vss'' ch.
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ltac1:(dependent induction ch).
- simpl in P. destruct (eval_step vs e1); inversion P.
- simpl in P. destruct (eval_step vs e1) eqn:Hval; try (inversion P).
+ injection P as Hinj; subst. specialize (IHch e e2 H0) as [s'0 [ch1 ch2]].
eexists. split.
* eapply chain_middle. apply Hval. apply ch1.
* apply ch2.
+ subst. eexists. split.
* eapply chain_final. apply Hval.
* apply ch.
Qed.
Theorem val_step_sem : forall (e : expr) (vs vs' : value_stack),
Sem_expr vs e vs' -> eval_chain vs e vs'
with eval_step_int : forall (i : intrinsic) (vs vs' : value_stack),
Sem_int vs i vs' -> eval_chain vs (e_int i) vs'.
Proof.
- intros e vs vs' Hsem.
induction Hsem.
+ (* This is an intrinsic, which is handled by the second
theorem, eval_step_int. This lemma is used here. *)
auto.
+ (* A quote doesn't have a next step, and so is final. *)
apply chain_final. auto.
+ (* In composition, by induction, we know that the two sub-expressions produce
proper evaluation chains. Chains can be composed (via eval_chain_merge). *)
eapply eval_chain_merge; eauto.
- intros i vs vs' Hsem.
(* The evaluation chain depends on the specific intrinsic in use. *)
inversion Hsem; subst;
(* Most intrinsics produce a final value, and the evaluation chain is trivial. *)
try (apply chain_final; auto; fail).
(* Only apply is non-final. The first step is popping the quote from the stack,
and the rest of the steps are given by the evaluation of the code in the quote. *)
apply chain_middle with e vs0; auto.
Qed.
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Ltac2 Type exn ::= [ | Not_intrinsic ].
Ltac2 rec destruct_n (n : int) (vs : constr) : unit :=
if Int.le n 0 then () else
let v := Fresh.in_goal @v in
let vs' := Fresh.in_goal @vs in
destruct $vs as [|$v $vs']; Control.enter (fun () =>
try (destruct_n (Int.sub n 1) (Control.hyp vs'))
).
Ltac2 int_arity (int : constr) : int :=
match! int with
| swap => 2
| clone => 1
| drop => 1
| quote => 1
| compose => 2
| apply => 1
| _ => Control.throw Not_intrinsic
end.
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Ltac2 destruct_int_stack (int : constr) (va: constr) := destruct_n (int_arity int) va.
Ltac2 ensure_valid_stack () := Control.enter (fun () =>
match! goal with
| [h : eval_step ?a (e_int ?b) = ?c |- _] =>
let h := Control.hyp h in
destruct_int_stack b a;
try (inversion $h; fail)
| [|- _ ] => ()
end).
Theorem test : forall (vs vs': value_stack), eval_step vs (e_int swap) = final vs' ->
exists v1 v2 vs'', vs = v1 :: v2 :: vs'' /\ vs' = v2 :: v1 :: vs''.
Proof.
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intros s s' Heq.
ensure_valid_stack ().
simpl in Heq. injection Heq as Hinj. subst. eauto.
Qed.
Theorem eval_step_final_sem : forall (e : expr) (vs vs' : value_stack),
eval_step vs e = final vs' -> Sem_expr vs e vs'.
Proof.
intros e vs vs' Hev. destruct e.
- destruct i; ensure_valid_stack ();
(* Get rid of trivial cases that match one-to-one. *)
simpl in Hev; try (injection Hev as Hinj; subst; solve_basic ()).
+ (* compose with one quoted value is not final, but an error. *)
destruct v. inversion Hev.
+ (* compose with two quoted values. *)
destruct v; destruct v0.
injection Hev as Hinj; subst; solve_basic ().
+ (* Apply is not final. *) destruct v. inversion Hev.
- (* Quote is always final, trivially, and the semantics match easily. *)
simpl in Hev. injection Hev as Hinj; subst. solve_basic ().
- (* Compose is never final, so we don't need to handle it here. *)
simpl in Hev. destruct (eval_step vs e1); inversion Hev.
Qed.
Theorem eval_step_middle_sem : forall (e ei: expr) (vs vsi vs' : value_stack),
eval_step vs e = middle ei vsi ->
Sem_expr vsi ei vs' ->
Sem_expr vs e vs'.
Proof.
intros e. induction e; intros ei vs vsi vs' Hev Hsem.
- destruct i; ensure_valid_stack ().
+ (* compose with one quoted value; invalid. *)
destruct v. inversion Hev.
+ (* compose with two quoted values; not a middle step. *)
destruct v; destruct v0. inversion Hev.
+ (* Apply *)
destruct v. injection Hev as Hinj; subst.
solve_basic (). auto.
- (* quoting an expression is not middle. *)
inversion Hev.
- simpl in Hev.
destruct (eval_step vs e1) eqn:Hev1.
+ (* Step led to an error, which can't happen in a chain. *)
inversion Hev.
+ (* Left expression makes a non-final step. Milk this for equalities first. *)
injection Hev as Hinj; subst.
(* The rest of the program (e_comp e e2) evaluates using our semantics,
which means that both e and e2 evaluate using our semantics. *)
inversion Hsem; subst.
(* By induction, e1 evaluates using our semantics if e does, which we just confirmed. *)
specialize (IHe1 e vs vsi vs2 Hev1 H2).
(* The composition rule can now be applied. *)
eapply Sem_e_comp; eauto.
+ (* Left expression makes a final step. Milk this for equalities first. *)
injection Hev as Hinj; subst.
(* Using eval_step_final, we know that e1 evaluates to the intermediate
state given our semantics. *)
specialize (eval_step_final_sem e1 vs vsi Hev1) as Hsem1.
(* The composition rule can now be applied. *)
eapply Sem_e_comp; eauto.
Qed.
Theorem eval_step_sem_back : forall (e : expr) (vs vs' : value_stack),
eval_chain vs e vs' -> Sem_expr vs e vs'.
Proof.
intros e vs vs' ch.
ltac1:(dependent induction ch).
- apply eval_step_final_sem. auto.
- specialize (eval_step_middle_sem e ei vs vsi vs' P IHch). auto.
Qed.
Corollary eval_step_no_sem : forall (e : expr) (vs vs' : value_stack),
~(Sem_expr vs e vs') -> ~(eval_chain vs e vs').
Proof.
intros e vs vs' Hnsem Hch.
specialize (eval_step_sem_back _ _ _ Hch). auto.
Qed.
Require Extraction.
Require Import ExtrHaskellBasic.
Extraction Language Haskell.
Set Extraction KeepSingleton.
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Extraction "UccGen.hs" expr eval_step true false or.
Remark eval_swap_two_values : forall (vs vs' : value_stack),
eval_step vs (e_int swap) = final vs' -> exists v1 v2 vst, vs = v1 :: v2 :: vst /\ vs' = v2 :: v1 :: vst.
Proof.
intros vs vs' Hev.
(* Can't proceed until we know more about the stack. *)
destruct vs as [|v1 [|v2 vs]].
- (* Invalid case; empty stack. *) inversion Hev.
- (* Invalid case; stack only has one value. *) inversion Hev.
- (* Valid case: the stack has two values. *) injection Hev. eauto.
Qed.
Remark eval_swap_two_values' : forall (vs vs' : value_stack),
eval_step vs (e_int swap) = final vs' -> exists v1 v2 vst, vs = v1 :: v2 :: vst /\ vs' = v2 :: v1 :: vst.
Proof.
intros vs vs' Hev.
ensure_valid_stack ().
injection Hev. eauto.
Qed.